The paper deals with the long-term and seasonal variability of low flows using the example of a mountain river. The study covers the Laborec River in the eastern part of Slovakia, and the main aim of the research is to identify and establish long-term fluctuations of low flows on this river. The analysis aims to indicate trends of low flows and seasonal variability of outflows based on various measures and research methods as well as the links between them. Basic data on daily flow and precipitation series were collected from 1980 to 2019. Low flow periods were identified in relation to the fitting of the threshold level method to the 70th and 95th percentile on the flow duration curve as a constant, multi-annual cut-off (Q70%, Q95%). The longest lasting flows were those below q70%, which were determined in the shallow cut-offs that occurred for most of the year, i.e. from June to December and in January. The greatest culmination of flows below q95% was in August and September. The range of minimal unit outflow is the smallest in the summer-autumn period and results from long periods without precipitation and with increased evapotranspiration. The highest range of unit outflow was recorded from December to April. Knowledge of low river flows should be one of the important elements of advanced planning, which in the future may help to reduce conflicts between water users during the peak demand period.

本文以山区河流为例，讨论了低流量的长期和季节性变化。该研究涵盖斯洛伐克东部的拉拉雷克河，研究的主要目的是确定和确定这条河上低流量的长期波动。该分析旨在基于各种措施和研究方法以及它们之间的联系来表明低流量的趋势和流出的季节性变化。收集了 1980 年至 2019 年的日流量和降水系列的基本数据。通过将阈值水平方法拟合到流量持续时间曲线上的第 70 个和第 95 个百分位作为一个恒定的、多年度的截断，确定了低流量期。关闭（Q70%、Q95%）。持续时间最长的流量低于 q70%，这是在一年中大部分时间（即 6 月至 12 月和 1 月）发生的浅中断中确定的。低于 q95% 的流量的最大高峰出现在 8 月和 9 月。夏秋两季最小单位出流幅度最小，是长期无降水、蒸散量增加的结果。12 月至 4 月的单位流出量最高。了解河流低流量应该是提前规划的重要元素之一，这在未来可能有助于减少高峰需求期间用水者之间的冲突。夏秋两季最小单位出流幅度最小，是长期无降水、蒸散量增加的结果。12 月至 4 月的单位流出量最高。了解河流低流量应该是提前规划的重要元素之一，这在未来可能有助于减少高峰需求期间用水者之间的冲突。夏秋两季最小单位出流幅度最小，是长期无降水、蒸散量增加的结果。12 月至 4 月的单位流出量最高。了解河流低流量应该是提前规划的重要元素之一，这在未来可能有助于减少高峰需求期间用水者之间的冲突。