As an unusual event, fasting can induce strong physiological and psychological reactions, but there is still no clear understanding of how previous fasting experience affects people’s responses to current fasting. This study aimed to investigate the influence of previous fasting experience on participants’ basic physiological and psychological responses in a fasting experiment that was conducted under intensive medical monitoring. In a 22-day experiment that was divided into 4 phases (3-day Baseline; 10-day Complete Fasting; 4-day Calorie Restriction; and 5-day Recovery phases), a total of 13 persons participated; they were divided into a group with prior fasting experience (Experienced: N = 6) and a group without prior fasting experience (Newbie: N = 7). The results indicated that there were no group differences in physiological responses (i.e., weight, glucose and ketone body); however, differences in psychological states were observed, with the Newbie group showing more negative psychological states overall throughout the experiment (i.e., higher appetite, more negative mood states, more stress, less vitality and less recovery resources). Hence, previous fasting experience may be a buffer against negative feelings during current fasting. For this reason, it is important to consider the fasting experiences as a vital factor for future research.

中文翻译：

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害怕饥饿吗？禁食在禁食期间如何影响心理反应

作为一种不寻常的事件，禁食会引起强烈的生理和心理反应，但是对于以前的禁食经历如何影响人们对当前禁食的反应，仍然缺乏清楚的了解。这项研究旨在调查在严格的医学监护下进行的一项禁食实验中，先前禁食经历对参与者基本生理和心理反应的影响。在一个分为4个阶段（3天基线，10天完全禁食，4天热量限制和5天恢复阶段）的22天实验中，总共有13个人参加了该实验。他们分为有空腹经验的一组（有经验：N = 6）和无空腹经验的一组（新手：N = 7）。结果表明，在生理反应上没有群体差异（即，体重，葡萄糖和酮体）；然而，观察到心理状态的差异，在整个实验过程中，新手小组总体上表现出更多的负面心理状态（即食欲更高，负面情绪状态更多，压力更大，活力更低，恢复资源更少）。因此，先前的禁食经验可能是防止当前禁食期间负面情绪的缓冲。因此，将禁食经验视为未来研究的重要因素很重要。先前的禁食经历可能会缓解当前禁食期间的负面情绪。因此，将禁食经验视为未来研究的重要因素很重要。先前的禁食经历可能会缓解当前禁食期间的负面情绪。因此，将禁食经验视为未来研究的重要因素很重要。