Digital-to-time converters (DTCs) are a promising technology for radio frequency (RF) transceivers but are prone to spur generation. A common approach to change the spurious emissions to a spur-free shape is a method called dithering. The power added due to dithering is an important aspect of this approach and gives raise to investigations on additive dither as well as methods for subtractive dithering. This work presents a mathematical model for dithering DTC-based local oscillator (LO) generators. It proposes concepts for the application of subtractive dither and it introduces a novel generalization of quantization-dither to allow for optimal dithering of nonlinear quantizers.

中文翻译：

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基于无杂散非线性DTC的频率合成器的抖动概念

数模转换器（DTC）是一种用于射频（RF）收发器的有前途的技术，但容易产生杂散信号。将杂散发射更改为无杂散形状的一种常见方法是抖动。由于抖动而增加的功率是该方法的重要方面，并引起了对加法抖动以及减法抖动方法的研究。这项工作提出了一个数学模型，用于抖动基于DTC的本地振荡器（LO）发生器。它为减法抖动的应用提出了一些概念，并引入了一种新的量化抖动泛化方法，以使非线性量化器的最佳抖动得以实现。