The root system of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) has characteristics unfavorable for nutrient absorption, which may cause it to be dependent on arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization. In agricultural production systems with a greater diversity of species, the arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of mycorrhizal-dependent species can increase. Therefore, to determine whether oil palm mycorrhizal colonization varies according to the diversity of species in the system in which it is planted, we evaluated the arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of oil palm planted in biodiverse agroforestry systems and monocultures in the Amazon. We determined the mycorrhizal colonization of fine roots (diameter ≤ 2 mm) in two management zones (“weeded circle” and “leaf pile”) of oil palm cultivated in six agroforestry systems with different compositions of plant species and in two monocultures. In general, mycorrhizal colonization was 3 times higher in oil palm cultivated in agroforestry systems than in monoculture. Mycorrhizal colonization was higher in the leaf pile zone than in the weeded circle zone, but the effect size was low and varied inversely with the P content of the soil in these management zones. The adoption of oil palm cultivation in agroforestry systems has the potential to increase mycorrhizal colonization of this species in the Amazon.

油棕（杜鹃花）的根系Jacq。）具有不利于营养吸收的特性，这可能导致其依赖于丛枝菌根定植。在具有更大物种多样性的农业生产系统中，依赖于菌根的物种的丛枝菌根定殖可能会增加。因此，为了确定油棕的菌根定植是否根据其种植系统中物种的多样性而变化，我们评估了生物多样性农林业系统和亚马逊单一种植中种植的油棕的丛枝菌根定植。我们确定了在六个具有不同植物物种组成的农林系统中种植的两个植物油棕的两个管理区（“杂草圈”和“叶桩”）的细根（直径≤2 mm）的菌根定殖和两种单一栽培。一般来说，在农林业系统中种植的油棕中，菌根定植比单一种植中的菌根定植高3倍。叶堆区的菌根定植率高于杂草圆带区，但效应量低，并且与这些管理区土壤的磷含量成反比。在农林业系统中采用油棕栽培有可能增加亚马逊地区该物种的菌根定植。