Personality characteristics can influence the likelihood of a person becoming a target of ostracism. Particularly, low agreeableness and low conscientiousness have been shown to increase the risk of being ostracized. Here, we investigate whether the situational context in which individuals interact moderates the effect that personality has on ostracism intentions. Within four studies, we show that low target agreeableness increases ostracism intentions more strongly in a social than in a performance context. In contrast, low target conscientiousness increases ostracism decisions more strongly in a performance compared to a social context. The results suggest that individuals make decisions about how to ostracize others strategically and in line with the goals of the respective group within a specific situational context.

人格特征会影响一个人成为排斥对象的可能性。尤其是，低同意度和低认真性已显示出增加被排斥的风险。在这里，我们调查了个人互动所处的情境是否减轻了人格对排斥意图的影响。在四项研究中，我们表明，低目标的认同感在社交场合比在绩效场合更容易增加排斥倾向。相比之下，与社交环境相比，低目标责任心会使表演中的排斥决策更加强烈。结果表明，个人可以在特定的情境中做出有关如何策略性地排斥他人并与各自小组的目标相一致的决定。