Deltamethrin (DLM) is a Type II pyrethroid pesticide widely used in agriculture, homes, public spaces, and medicine. Epidemiological studies report that increased pyrethroid exposure during development is associated with neurobehavioral disorders. This raises concern about the safety of these chemicals for children. Few animal studies have explored the long-term effects of developmental exposure to DLM on the brain. Here we review the CNS effects of pyrethroids, with emphasis on DLM. Current data on behavioral and cognitive effects after developmental exposure are emphasized. Although, the acute mechanisms of action of DLM are known, how these translate to long-term effects is only beginning to be understood. But existing data clearly show there are lasting effects on locomotor activity, acoustic startle, learning and memory, apoptosis, and dopamine in mice and rats after early exposure. The most consistent neurochemical findings are reductions in the dopamine transporter and the dopamine D1 receptor. The data show that DLM is developmentally neurotoxic but more research on its mechanisms of long-term effects is needed.

溴氰菊酯 (DLM) 是一种 II 型拟除虫菊酯类农药，广泛用于农业、家庭、公共场所和医药领域。流行病学研究报告说，发育过程中拟除虫菊酯暴露增加与神经行为障碍有关。这引起了人们对这些化学品对儿童的安全性的担忧。很少有动物研究探索过 DLM 对大脑发育的长期影响。在这里，我们回顾了拟除虫菊酯对 CNS 的影响，重点是 DLM。强调了发育暴露后行为和认知影响的当前数据。虽然，DLM 的急性作用机制是已知的，但这些如何转化为长期影响才刚刚开始被理解。但现有数据清楚地表明，对运动活动、听觉惊吓、学习和记忆、细胞凋亡、和小鼠和大鼠早期接触后的多巴胺。最一致的神经化学发现是多巴胺转运体和多巴胺 D1 受体的减少。数据表明，DLM 具有发育神经毒性，但需要对其长期影响机制进行更多研究。