Photovoltaic (PV) systems, which directly convert solar light into electricity, are one of the most attractive renewable energy sources to fulfill the increased demand for clean energy. The accumulated installation of PV systems has expanded rapidly, reaching over 700 GW in 2020. Although black colored PVs maximize energy generation by harvesting a broad range of solar light, their monotonous color limits their installation in urban areas and portable devices where the harmonization of color with neighboring exterior elements is a high priority. Moreover, it is not suitable for covering transparent area of buildings, such as window and curtain wall. Hence, the demand for aesthetic PV systems is increasing significantly. In this review, we focus on the current status of colored PV systems and their prospects for aesthetic energy harvesting system. This work reviews possible approaches to realize colored PV systems by implementing semitransparent cells, selective reflective films, and luminophores. Additionally, the research progress to minimize light sacrifice for color production has been investigated. Moreover, the technical limitations of each technology for colored PV systems are presented in terms of color purity and efficiency. Finally, obstacles to commercialization and their solutions are discussed. Therefore, this study provides a crucial review of the latest developments and current status in the field of colored PV systems.

中文翻译：

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彩色光伏组件的现状与展望

光伏 (PV) 系统可直接将太阳能光转化为电能，是满足日益增长的清洁能源需求的最具吸引力的可再生能源之一。光伏系统的累计安装量迅速扩大，到 2020 年达到 700 吉瓦以上。 虽然黑色光伏通过收集广泛的太阳光来最大限度地发电，但其单调的颜色限制了它们在城市地区和色彩协调的便携式设备中的安装与相邻的外部元素是一个高优先级。此外，它不适合覆盖建筑物的透明区域，如窗户和幕墙。因此，对美观的光伏系统的需求正在显着增加。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注彩色光伏系统的现状及其在美学能量收集系统中的前景。这项工作回顾了通过实施半透明电池、选择性反射膜和发光体来实现彩色光伏系统的可能方法。此外，还研究了将颜色产生的光牺牲最小化的研究进展。此外，彩色光伏系统的每种技术的技术局限性都体现在颜色纯度和效率方面。最后，讨论了商业化的障碍及其解决方案。因此，本研究对彩色光伏系统领域的最新发展和现状进行了重要回顾。此外，彩色光伏系统的每种技术的技术局限性都体现在颜色纯度和效率方面。最后，讨论了商业化的障碍及其解决方案。因此，本研究对彩色光伏系统领域的最新发展和现状进行了重要回顾。此外，彩色光伏系统的每种技术的技术局限性都体现在颜色纯度和效率方面。最后，讨论了商业化的障碍及其解决方案。因此，本研究对彩色光伏系统领域的最新发展和现状进行了重要回顾。