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Environmentally relevant concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles pose negligible risk to marine microbes
Environmental Science: Nano ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-4-9 , DOI: 10.1039/d0en00883d
Craig J Dedman 1, 2 , Aaron M King 3 , Joseph A Christie-Oleza 1, 4, 5 , Gemma-Louise Davies 3
Affiliation  

Nano-sized titanium dioxide (nTiO2) represents the highest produced nanomaterial by mass worldwide and, due to its prevalent industrial and commercial use, it inevitably reaches the natural environment. Previous work has revealed a negative impact of nTiO2 upon marine phytoplankton growth, however, studies are typically carried out at concentrations far exceeding those measured and predicted to occur in the environment currently. Here, a series of experiments were carried out to assess the effects of both research-grade nTiO2 and nTiO2 extracted from consumer products upon the marine dominant cyanobacterium, Prochlorococcus, and natural marine communities at environmentally relevant and supra-environmental concentrations (i.e., 1 μg L−1 to 100 mg L−1). Cell declines observed in Prochlorococcus cultures were associated with the extensive aggregation behaviour of nTiO2 in saline media and the subsequent entrapment of microbial cells. Hence, higher concentrations of nTiO2 particles exerted a stronger decline of cyanobacterial populations. However, within natural oligotrophic seawater, cultures were able to recover over time as the nanoparticles aggregated out of solution after 72 h. Subsequent shotgun proteomic analysis of Prochlorococcus cultures exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations confirmed minimal molecular features of toxicity, suggesting that direct physical effects are responsible for short-term microbial population decline. In an additional experiment, the diversity and structure of natural marine microbial communities showed negligible variations when exposed to environmentally relevant nTiO2 concentrations (i.e., 25 μg L−1). As such, the environmental risk of nTiO2 towards marine microbial species appears low, however the potential for adverse effects in hotspots of contamination exists. In future, research must be extended to consider any effect of other components of nano-enabled product formulations upon nanomaterial fate and impact within the natural environment.

中文翻译:

二氧化钛纳米粒子的环境相关浓度对海洋微生物的风险可以忽略不计

纳米级二氧化钛 (nTiO 2 ) 是世界上产量最高的纳米材料,由于其广泛的工业和商业用途,它不可避免地会进入自然环境。以前的工作已经揭示了 nTiO 2对海洋浮游植物生长的负面影响,然而,研究通常在远远超过当前环境中测量和预测的浓度下进行。在这里,进行了一系列实验以评估从消费品中提取的研究级 nTiO 2和 nTiO 2对海洋优势蓝藻原绿球藻的影响。,以及与环境相关和超环境浓度(1 μg L -1至 100 mg L -1)的天然海洋群落。在原绿球藻培养物中观察到的细胞衰退与 nTiO 2在盐水介质中的广泛聚集行为和随后的微生物细胞截留有关。因此,更高浓度的nTiO 2颗粒对蓝藻种群产生更强的下降作用。然而,在天然贫营养海水中,随着纳米颗粒在 72 小时后从溶液中聚集出来,培养物能够随着时间的推移而恢复。随后对原绿球藻进行鸟枪式蛋白质组学分析暴露于环境相关浓度的培养物证实了毒性的最小分子特征,表明直接的物理效应是短期微生物种群下降的原因。在另一个实验中,当暴露于环境相关的 nTiO 2浓度(25 μg L -1)时,天然海洋微生物群落的多样性和结构显示出可忽略不计的变化。因此,nTiO 2的环境风险对海洋微生物物种的污染似乎很低,但在污染热点地区存在不利影响的可能性。未来,研究必须扩展到考虑纳米产品配方的其他成分对纳米材料在自然环境中的命运和影响的任何影响。
更新日期:2021-04-20
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