High-resolution images and elevation data sets from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter along with spectral data from the Clementine mission are used to identify and map in detail the well-preserved Late Imbrian Tsiolkovskiy crater situated on the far side of the Moon. This study identifies five distinct morphologic units associated with Tsiolkovskiy crater and the surrounding ejecta blanket. Analysis of the spatial and stratigraphic relationships of each of the ejecta units shows an asymmetrical distribution of the overall ejecta blanket, as well as a consistent overprinting of ballistic ejecta by ponds and flows of impact melt-bearing material. This study shows that the asymmetric distribution of the ejecta blanket, including a distinct up-range “forbidden zone,” is related to the impact direction and angle for the impactor that formed Tsiolkovskiy crater. The consistent presence of melt-bearing ponds and flows overlying the ballistic ejecta deposits indicates that two separate ejecta emplacement events occurred. We interpret this as an initial phase of ballistic ejecta emplacement during the excavation stage, followed by a second phase of melt-bearing ejecta emplacement. The second phase begins during the end of the excavation stage and continues throughout and beyond the modification stage of crater formation.

中文翻译：

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Tsiolkovskiy 陨石坑喷出物沉积物的形态映射和解释

来自月球勘测轨道器的高分辨率图像和高程数据集以及来自克莱门汀任务的光谱数据被用于识别和详细绘制位于月球远端保存完好的晚雨海纪 Tsiolkovskiy 陨石坑。这项研究确定了与 Tsiolkovskiy 陨石坑和周围喷射物毯相关的五个不同的形态单元。对每个喷射物单元的空间和地层关系的分析表明，整个喷射物覆盖层的分布不对称，以及由池塘和冲击熔体承载材料流对弹道喷射物的一致叠印。这项研究表明，喷射物毯的不对称分布，包括一个明显的上行“禁区，”与形成齐奥尔科夫斯基陨石坑的撞击物的撞击方向和角度有关。持续存在的含熔体池和覆盖在弹道喷射物沉积物上的流动表明发生了两个单独的喷射物就位事件。我们将此解释为开挖阶段弹道喷射物就位的初始阶段，随后是含熔体喷射物就位的第二阶段。第二阶段在挖掘阶段结束时开始，一直持续到火山口形成的修改阶段。接着是第二阶段的含熔体喷射物就位。第二阶段在挖掘阶段结束时开始，一直持续到火山口形成的修改阶段。接着是第二阶段的含熔体喷射物就位。第二阶段在挖掘阶段结束时开始，一直持续到火山口形成的修改阶段。