Abstract

Objective Anxiety and depression rates are known to be elevated in prematurely-born children and adolescents. This prospective study examines demographic, academic, and physical health correlates of anxiety and depression symptoms in a sample of 10-year-old children who were born extremely preterm. Methods Participants were 889 (51.2% male; 62.3% White) children who were born <28 weeks gestation. Child and family demographic data were collected at birth. When the children were 10, parents (n = 871) and teachers (n = 640) rated the level of anxiety and depression in children through the Child Symptom Inventory-4. Child academic functioning was assessed via the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-III. Parents completed questionnaires about child academic functioning and physical health issues. Data analyses were conducted with multivariate linear modeling. Results Level of prematurity was significantly related to both parent and teacher reports of anxiety. Public health insurance and individualized education program (IEP) status were associated with both parent and teacher reports of depression. Hispanic ethnicity, public insurance, IEP status, and asthma were significantly associated with both parent-reported anxiety and depression. Gross motor impairment was associated with parent-reported anxiety and teacher-reported depression. Child obesity was associated with teacher reports of anxiety, while male sex was significantly related to teacher reports of depression. Conclusion This pattern of findings may suggest hypotheses for future research on models of the development and persistence of anxiety and depression within this particularly vulnerable group of children.

中文翻译：

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极早产儿 10 岁时的焦虑和抑郁相关

摘要

客观的焦虑和抑郁率是已知的过早出生的儿童和青少年升高。这项前瞻性研究以极早产的 10 岁儿童为样本，研究了人口统计学、学业和身体健康与焦虑和抑郁症状的相关性。方法参与者是 889 名出生小于 28 周的儿童（51.2% 男性；62.3% 白人）。在出生时收集儿童和家庭人口统计数据。孩子 10 岁时，父母 ( n = 871) 和老师 ( n = 640) 通过儿童症状量表 4 对儿童的焦虑和抑郁水平进行评级。儿童学业功能通过韦克斯勒个人成就测试-III 进行评估。家长完成了有关儿童学业功能和身体健康问题的问卷。用多元线性模型进行数据分析。结果早产水平与父母和老师的焦虑报告显着相关。公共健康保险和个性化教育计划 (IEP) 状态与家长和教师报告的抑郁症有关。西班牙裔、公共保险、IEP 状态和哮喘与父母报告的焦虑和抑郁均显着相关。粗大运动障碍与父母报告的焦虑和教师报告的抑郁有关。儿童肥胖与教师报告的焦虑有关，而男性与教师报告的抑郁显着相关。结论这种发现模式可能为未来研究这一特别脆弱的儿童群体中焦虑和抑郁的发展和持续模型提供假设。