Recent observations have detected significant escape of ions from the Venusian ionosphere. The measurements indicate that the composition of the escaping mix of ions may reach a critical ratio of $H^{+}$: $O^{+}$$\approx 2:1$, suggesting that it originated in water molecules, in line with the observed dryness of the planet. In this work, we suggest an additional mechanism that can explain the escape of ions from Venus by invoking a test charge approach. For this purpose, an electrostatic wakefield potential, accompanying a moving test charge, is examined in a plasma consisting of two positive ions ($H^{+}$ and $O^{+}$), as well as electrons. It is found that the wakefield potential can be attractive between like charges; it may thus be responsible for gluing charges to an escaping test charge of the same sign, facilitating the collective escape. This attractive potential is strongly influenced by the test charge speed and the plasma density at different altitudes. Our results are consistent with the observation of Venus Express space probe.

最近的观察发现金星电离层的离子大量逃逸。测量结果表明，逸出的离子混合物的组成可能达到临界比例$H^{+}$： ${哦}^{+}$$\approx 2：1$，表明它起源于水分子，与观察到的行星干燥情况一致。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种额外的机制，可以通过调用测试电荷方法来解释金星的离子逃逸。为此，在由两个正离子组成的等离子体中检查伴随移动测试电荷的静电尾场电位（$H^{+}$ 和 ${哦}^{+}$)，以及电子。发现尾场势能在同种电荷之间具有吸引力；因此，它可能负责将电荷粘在同一标志的逃跑测试电荷上，促进集体逃跑。这种吸引人的潜力受到测试充电速度和不同高度的等离子体密度的强烈影响。我们的结果与金星快车太空探测器的观察结果一致。