This paper presents an immersive spacecraft trajectory design application within the cislunar space domain. The long-term goal of this application is to enable users to design spacecraft trajectories by drawing curves while immersed in a three-dimensional (3D) virtual reality replica of the Earth–Moon system. In this framework, visual memory or understanding of orbit dynamics may be directly linked to the creation of trajectory baselines for preliminary mission design with 3D drawings. An orthogonal-collocation-based optimizer maps user-drawn curves to approximate orbit solutions that are feasible under the natural dynamics of the Earth–Moon system. The natural dynamics of the Earth–Moon system are modeled using a circular-restricted three-body problem (CR3BP) model. Two experiments are conducted to initially assess the feasibility of the proposed trajectory design framework and to determine the robustness of the optimizer in the presence of user-induced distortions within the 3D user drawings. The first experiment establishes that it may be feasible to map a user-drawn curve to a close natural CR3BP trajectory. In fact, during the experiment, sample user-drawn curves were mapped to natural CR3BP orbits with a seventy-five percent success rate. The second experiment establishes baseline statistics for user-induced distortions over one hundred and three user-drawn traces of a sample $L_2$ halo reference orbit. Based on these statistics, a final analysis provides a quantitative measure in verification of the robustness of the optimizer when user-induced distortions are present. Hence the proposed immersive computing framework is deemed suitable for further development for trajectory design in cislunar space.

本文提出了在月球空间域内的沉浸式航天器轨迹设计应用。该应用程序的长期目标是使用户能够通过浸入地球-月球系统的三维（3D）虚拟现实副本时绘制曲线来设计航天器的轨迹。在此框架中，视觉记忆或对轨道动力学的理解可以直接与使用3D工程图进行初步任务设计的轨迹基线的创建相关联。基于正交配置的优化器将用户绘制的曲线映射到近似的轨道解，这在地球-月球系统的自然动力下是可行的。地球-月球系统的自然动力学是使用圆形约束三体问题（CR3BP）模型建模的。进行了两个实验，以初步评估所提出的轨迹设计框架的可行性，并确定在3D用户图形中用户引起的失真的情况下优化器的鲁棒性。第一个实验确定将用户绘制的曲线映射到接近自然的CR3BP轨迹是可行的。实际上，在实验过程中，用户绘制的样本曲线已映射到自然CR3BP轨道，成功率为75％。第二个实验建立了样本的一百三十三个用户绘制的痕迹上用户引起的失真的基准统计量 第一个实验确定将用户绘制的曲线映射到接近自然的CR3BP轨迹是可行的。实际上，在实验过程中，用户绘制的样本曲线已映射到自然CR3BP轨道，成功率为75％。第二个实验建立了样本的一百三十三个用户绘制的痕迹上用户引起的失真的基准统计量 第一个实验确定将用户绘制的曲线映射到接近自然的CR3BP轨迹是可行的。实际上，在实验过程中，用户绘制的样本曲线已映射到自然CR3BP轨道，成功率为75％。第二个实验建立了样本的一百三十三个用户绘制的痕迹上用户引起的失真的基准统计量${\mathrm{大号}}_{\mathrm{2个}}$晕参考轨道。基于这些统计信息，当存在用户引起的失真时，最终分析提供了一种量化措施，用于验证优化器的健壮性。因此，所提出的沉浸式计算框架被认为适合进一步开发用于月球空间中的轨迹设计。