Climate and weather directly impact plant phenology, affecting airborne pollen. The objective of this systematic review is to examine the impacts of meteorological variables on airborne pollen concentrations and pollen season timing. Using PRISMA methodology, we reviewed literature that assessed whether there was a relationship between local temperature and precipitation and measured airborne pollen. The search strategy included terms related to pollen, trends or measurements, and season timing. For inclusion, studies must have conducted a correlation analysis of at least 5 years of airborne pollen data to local meteorological data and report quantitative results. Data from peer-reviewed articles were extracted on the correlations between seven pollen indicators (main pollen season start date, end date, peak date, and length, annual pollen integral, average daily pollen concentration, and peak pollen concentration), and two meteorological variables (temperature and precipitation). Ninety-three articles were included in the analysis out of 9,679 articles screened. Overall, warmer temperatures correlated with earlier and longer pollen seasons and higher pollen concentrations. Precipitation had varying effects on pollen concentration and pollen season timing indicators. Increased precipitation may have a short-term effect causing low pollen concentrations potentially due to “wash out” effect. Long-term effects of precipitation varied for trees and weeds and had a positive correlation with grass pollen levels. With increases in temperature due to climate change, pollen seasons for some taxa in some regions may start earlier, last longer, and be more intense, which may be associated with adverse health impacts, as pollen exposure has well-known health effects in sensitized individuals.

气候和天气直接影响植物物候，影响空气中的花粉。本系统综述的目的是研究气象变量对空气中花粉浓度和花粉季节时间的影响。使用 PRISMA 方法，我们回顾了评估当地温度和降水以及测量的空气花粉之间是否存在关系的文献。搜索策略包括与花粉、趋势或测量以及季节时间相关的术语。为了纳入研究，研究必须对至少 5 年的空气花粉数据与当地气象数据进行相关分析，并报告定量结果。从同行评审文章中提取了七个花粉指标（主要花粉季节开始日期、结束日期、峰值日期和长度、年度花粉积分、平均每日花粉浓度和峰值花粉浓度）和两个气象变量之间的相关性的数据（温度和降水量）。在筛选的 9,679 篇文章中，有 93 篇文章被纳入分析。总体而言，气温升高与花粉季节提前和延长以及花粉浓度升高相关。降水对花粉浓度和花粉季节时间指标有不同的影响。降水量增加可能会产生短期影响，导致花粉浓度较低，这可能是由于“冲刷”效应造成的。降水对树木和杂草的长期影响各不相同，并且与草花粉水平呈正相关。 随着气候变化导致气温升高，某些地区某些类群的花粉季节可能开始得更早、持续时间更长、强度更大，这可能与不利的健康影响有关，因为花粉暴露对敏感个体的健康影响是众所周知的。