Bacterial infections, especially drug-resistant infections, are a major global health issue. The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Enterobacteriaceae and the lack of new antibiotics have worrisome prospects for all of humanity. Colistin is considered the last-line drug for MDR Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), and it is often used for treatment of respiratory infections caused by MDR-GNB. In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the incidence of colistin-resistant infections. The main objective of this study was to investigate the presence of colistin resistance among clinical GNB isolated from Gaza Strip hospitals. Clinical Enterobacteriaceae isolates (100) were obtained from microbiology laboratories of the hospitals of different geographical locations in Gaza Strip Governorate over a period of six months. Samples were cultured, and bacterial identification was performed by standard microbiological procedures. Enterobacteriaceae isolates were tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility by the disk diffusion method and the MIC method for colistin. Varying degrees of susceptibility were observed for the isolates against the tested antimicrobials even within members of the same antimicrobial class. Amikacin was the most effective drug (74%), followed by chloramphenicol (48%), fosfomycin, and gentamicin (45%). High resistance was recorded against trimethoprim (85%) and tetracycline (83%). Only 59% of the tested isolates were interpreted as susceptible, while 41% was classified as resistant. The highest resistance to colistin was found to be among the Proteus spp. (63.2%), followed by Serratia spp. (57.1%). The lowest resistance was observed among Klebsiella isolates (31.6%). Only 39.0% of meropenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was susceptible to colistin, while 45.8% of imipenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was susceptible to colistin. The overall resistance to colistin was high (41%) among tested clinical isolates. Furthermore, 89% was MDR. These limit and complicate treatment options for the infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae in Gaza Strip. This calls for immediate actions to control and monitor the use of antimicrobials in general and colistin in particular.

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从加沙地带临床样本中分离出的肠杆菌科细菌对共利斯汀的抗药性

细菌感染，尤其是耐药性感染，是全球主要的健康问题。肠杆菌科的多药耐药（MDR）菌株的出现和新抗生素的缺乏为全人类带来了令人担忧的前景。Colistin被认为是MDR革兰氏阴性菌（GNB）的最后一线药物，通常用于治疗由MDR-GNB引起的呼吸道感染。近年来，粘菌素抗性感染的发生率显着增加。这项研究的主要目的是调查从加沙地带医院分离出的临床GNB中大肠菌素耐药性的存在。临床肠杆菌科在六个月的时间内，从加沙地带省不同地理位置的医院的微生物实验室获得了分离株（100株）。培养样品，并通过标准微生物程序进行细菌鉴定。肠杆菌科通过圆盘扩散法和大肠菌素的MIC方法测试了分离株的抗药性。甚至在相同抗菌类别的成员中，也观察到了分离物对测试抗菌剂的敏感性变化。阿米卡星是最有效的药物（74％），其次是氯霉素（48％），磷霉素和庆大霉素（45％）。记录到对甲氧苄氨嘧啶（85％）和四环素（83％）的高耐药性。测试的分离株中只有59％被解释为易感，而41％被归类为抗药性。发现对粘菌素的最高抗性是变形杆菌属。（63.2％），其次是沙雷氏菌。（57.1％）。在克雷伯氏菌中观察到最低的抵抗力分离株（31.6％）。耐美罗培南的肠杆菌科细菌中只有39.0％易感大肠菌素，而耐亚胺培南的肠杆菌科细菌中仅45.8％易感大肠菌素。在测试的临床分离株中，对大肠菌素的总体耐药性较高（41％）。此外，MDR占89％。这些限制了加沙地带肠杆菌科细菌引起的感染的治疗选择，并使之复杂化。这就要求立即采取行动，以控制和监测抗生素的使用，尤其是粘菌素的使用。