Deep eutectic solvents have emerged in green chemistry only seventeen years ago and yet resulted in a plethora of publications covering various research areas and diverse fields of application. Deep eutectic solvents appear as promising alternatives to conventional organic solvents due to their straightforward preparation using highly accessible and natural compounds. They display also high tunability. Here we present the classification and preparation methods of deep eutectic solvents. We detail their physicochemical properties such as phase behavior, density, viscosity, ionic conductivity, surface tension, and polarity. Properties are controlled by the choice of the forming compounds, molar ratio, temperature, and water content.

深度共晶溶剂仅在17年前才在绿色化学中出现，但随后出现了涉及各种研究领域和不同应用领域的大量出版物。由于深共晶溶剂使用高度可及的天然化合物直接制备，因此可作为常规有机溶剂的有前途的替代品。它们还具有很高的可调性。在这里，我们介绍了深共晶溶剂的分类和制备方法。我们详细介绍了它们的理化特性，例如相行为，密度，粘度，离子电导率，表面张力和极性。通过选择形成化合物，摩尔比，温度和水含量来控制性能。