Biomass waste is a naturally occurring agricultural byproduct. It is estimated that about 60 million tons per year can be extracted sustainably without altering land use patterns or competing with existing demands. Utilizing this waste is logistically challenging due to the inherent low density and distributed availability of biomass. This work proposes a supply chain optimization problem which decides where to locate and relocate mobile and modular production units to convert biomass waste to energy. Both deterministic and two-stage stochastic formulations are presented, accounting for the inherent uncertainty of where and how much biomass is produced. The framework is applied to case studies analyzing the states of Minnesota and North Carolina. Results from both states show that mobile production modules lead to supply chain cost savings of 1–4%, or millions of dollars per year. Additionally, this work demonstrates the benefit of mobile modules as a means of protecting against uncertainty.

生物质废物是自然产生的农业副产品。据估计，每年可持续开采约6000万吨，而无需改变土地使用方式或与现有需求竞争。由于固有的低密度和生物质的分布可用性，利用这种废物在后勤上具有挑战性。这项工作提出了一个供应链优化问题，该问题决定了在何处定位和重新定位移动式和模块化生产单元，以将生物质废物转化为能源。给出了确定性和两阶段随机公式，说明了产生生物量的地点和数量的内在不确定性。该框架适用于分析明尼苏达州和北卡罗来纳州的案例研究。这两个州的结果都表明，移动生产模块可以使供应链成本节省1-4％，或每年数百万美元。此外，这项工作证明了移动模块作为防止不确定性的一种手段的好处。