Garlic mustard [Alliaria petiolata (M. Bieb.) Cavara & Grande] is a biennial invasive plant commonly found in the northeastern and midwestern United States. Although it is not recommended to apply herbicides after flowering, land managers frequently desire to conduct management during this timing. We applied glyphosate and triclopyr (3% v/v and 1% v/v using 31.8% and 39.8% acid equivalent formulations, respectively) POST to established, second-year A. petiolata populations at three locations when petals were dehiscing and evaluated control, seed production, and seed viability. POST glyphosate applications at this timing provided 100% control of A. petiolata by 4 wk after treatment at all locations, whereas triclopyr efficacy was variable, providing 38% to 62% control. Seed production was only reduced at one location, with similar results regardless of treatment. Percent seed viability was also reduced, and when combined with reductions in seed production, resulted in a 71% to 99% reduction in number of viable seeds produced per plant regardless of treatment. While applications did not eliminate viable seed production, our findings indicate that glyphosate and triclopyr applied while petals are dehiscing is a viable alternative to cutting or hand pulling at this timing, as it substantially decreased viable A. petiolata seed production.

中文翻译：

---

当存在绿色果实时施用内吸性除草剂是否会阻止大蒜芥菜（Alliaria petiolata）的种子生产或活力？

大蒜芥末[带柄葱属(M. Bieb.) Cavara & Grande] 是一种两年生入侵植物，常见于美国东北部和中西部。虽然不建议在开花后施用除草剂，但土地管理者经常希望在此期间进行管理。我们将草甘膦和绿草定（3% v/v 和 1% v/v，分别使用 31.8% 和 39.8% 酸当量制剂）POST 到已建立的第二年A. petiolata花瓣开裂时三个位置的种群，并评估了控制、种子生产和种子活力。此时 POST 草甘膦应用提供了 100% 的控制A. petiolata在所有位置治疗后 4 周时，绿草定的疗效是可变的，提供 38% 至 62% 的控制。种子产量仅在一个位置减少，无论处理如何，结果都相似。种子活力百分比也降低了，当与种子产量的减少相结合时，无论处理如何，每株植物产生的有活力的种子数量减少了 71% 至 99%。虽然施用并没有消除可行的种子生产，但我们的研究结果表明，在花瓣开裂时施用草甘膦和绿草定是此时切割或手拉的可行替代方案，因为它大大降低了可生存性A. petiolata种子生产。