Though they can be traced back to different roots, both smart design and smart systems have to do with the recent developments of artificial intelligence. There are two major questions related to them: (i) What way are smart design and smart systems enabled by artificial narrow, general, or super intelligence? and (ii) How can smart design be used in the realization of smart systems? and How can smart systems contribute to smart designing? A difficulty is that there are no exact definitions for these novel concepts in the literature. The endeavor to analyze the current situation and to answer the above questions stimulated an exploratory research whose first findings are summarized in this paper. Its first part elaborates on a plausible interpretation of the concept of smartness and provides an overview of the characteristics of smart design as a creative problem solving methodology supported by artificial intelligence. The second part exposes the paradigmatic features and system engineering issues of smart systems, which are equipped with application-specific synthetic system knowledge and reasoning mechanisms. The third part presents and elaborates on a conceptual model of AI-based couplings of smart design and smart systems. The couplings may manifest in various concrete forms in real life that are referred to as “connectors” in this paper. The principal types of connectors are exemplified and discussed. It has been found that smart design tends to manifest as a methodology of blue-printing smart systems and that smart systems will be intellectualized the enablers of implementation of smart design. Understanding the affordances of and creating proper connectors between smart design and smart systems need further explorative research.

中文翻译：

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智能设计和智能系统的连接器

尽管它们可以追溯到不同的根源，但智能设计和智能系统都与人工智能的最新发展有关。与它们相关的主要问题有两个：（i）通过人工窄智能、通用智能或超级智能实现智能设计和智能系统的方式是什么？(ii) 智能设计如何用于智能系统的实现？智能系统如何为智能设计做出贡献？一个困难是文献中对这些新概念没有确切的定义。分析当前情况和回答上述问题的努力激发了探索性研究，本文总结了其初步发现。它的第一部分详细阐述了对智能概念的合理解释，并概述了智能设计作为人工智能支持的创造性问题解决方法的特征。第二部分揭示了智能系统的典型特征和系统工程问题，这些智能系统配备了特定于应用程序的综合系统知识和推理机制。第三部分介绍并阐述了基于人工智能的智能设计与智能系统耦合的概念模型。联轴器在现实生活中可能以各种具体形式出现，在本文中称为“连接器”。示例和讨论了连接器的主要类型。研究发现，智能设计往往表现为一种蓝图智能系统的方法论，智能系统将被智能化，成为智能设计实施的推动者。了解智能设计和智能系统之间的功能并创建适当的连接器需要进一步的探索性研究。