ABSTRACT

There is a large volume of African scholarship that contextualises migration in terms of internally-and-externally-motivated movement of people. However, scholarship that considers internal-migration and forced-evictions from their land by the colonial-settler-state in Zimbabwe and the impact of such evictions on the people of Sanyati is limited. This article examines the impact of state-induced-migration of African-peasants from the Rhodesdale-Ranch to the Sanyati-hinterland and the deployment of agricultural-demonstrators by the state to ‘improve’ agriculture following the enactment of the Native Land Husbandry Act (NLHA). The forced-removal, which disregarded nationality and peasant-farmers’ rights-to-land, was followed by unique forms of controlling and managing movement as legitimised by the state. Moreover, this article delineates African-agency and adaptation as the evictees negotiated survival in a new environment where arable-land was not only scarce, but – prior to human-and-state-intervention – was deemed unsuitable for human-habitation due to its peculiar vulnerabilities and challenges. In exploring these issues, the paper examines the role of the state in African-agricultural-systems, its impact on peasant-production-systems and patterns in Sanyati and African responses and initiatives. Using diverse sources, the article demonstrates that the forced-migration of Africans from Rhodesdale to Sanyati significantly compromised their livelihoods. It also argues that African responses and productive-capacities were varied, leading to rural-differentiation among the peasants.

摘要

有大量的非洲学术研究将移民置于内部和外部驱动的人员流动方面。然而，考虑到津巴布韦的殖民定居国从他们的土地上进行的内部迁移和强行驱逐以及此类驱逐对桑亚提人民的影响的学术研究是有限的。本文研究了国家诱导的非洲农民从罗德斯代尔牧场迁移到桑亚提腹地的影响，以及在《土著土地畜牧法》颁布后国家部署农业示威者以“改善”农业（ NLHA）。无视国籍和农民的土地权利的强制搬迁，随之而来的是由国家合法化的独特形式的控制和管理运动。而且，这篇文章描述了非洲的代理和适应，因为被驱逐者在一个新环境中谈判生存，在这个新环境中，耕地不仅稀缺，而且…… 在人与国家干预之前 由于其特殊的脆弱性和挑战，被认为不适合人类居住。在探讨这些问题时，本文考察了国家在非洲农业系统中的作用，它对桑亚提和非洲响应和倡议中农民生产系统和模式的影响。文章使用多种来源表明，非洲人从罗德斯代尔被迫迁移到桑亚提严重损害了他们的生计。它还认为，非洲的反应和生产能力各不相同，导致农民之间出现农村分化。