In recent years, LGBT + communities have obtained significant victories in terms of recognition and civil rights in Western countries. Nonetheless, various forms of discrimination are still common, and a wide extent of variation is observed in societal attitudes towards LGBT + people. Several reasons may explain this heterogeneity, including religion. This work proposes a novel measure of tolerance towards LGBT + people, i.e. the Queer Friendliness Index, based on microdata drawn from a survey of citizen perception in Italy. Subsequently, we analyse the effect of active religious participation on the degree of tolerance towards LGBT + communities. To address self-selection among parish members, we resort to the Heckman procedure. We find that religious participation, reinforcing traditional values and creating strong relational ties among parish members, distorts the marginal effects of the socio-economic determinants of tolerance, producing an adverse effect. This problem may explain the large territorial differences observed across Italian macro-areas.

近年来，LGBT+社区在西方国家的承认和公民权利方面取得了重大胜利。尽管如此，各种形式的歧视仍然普遍存在，社会对 LGBT+ 人群的态度也存在很大差异。有几个原因可以解释这种异质性，包括宗教。这项工作提出了一种新的对 LGBT + 人的容忍度衡量标准，即酷儿友好指数，基于从意大利公民感知调查中提取的微观数据。随后，我们分析了积极的宗教参与对 LGBT+ 社区容忍度的影响。为了解决教区成员之间的自我选择问题，我们采用 Heckman 程序。我们发现宗教参与，加强传统价值观并在教区成员之间建立牢固的关系，会扭曲容忍的社会经济决定因素的边际影响，产生不利影响。这个问题可以解释在意大利宏观地区观察到的巨大领土差异。