Population growth has always played a key role in human mobility, even before the age of farming and husbandry. This paper explores population dynamics among early Holocene (∼9500–1700 cal BCE) hunter‐fisher‐gatherers in Southern Norway, focusing in particular on the Mesolithic‐Neolithic transition (4000/3900 cal BCE). Radiocarbon dates are calibrated and turned into summed probability distributions (SPDs). A heuristic linear method is used to calculate annual growth rates from the SPDs. Observed fluctuations in the SPDs are tested for significance by applying a Monte Carlo‐based simulation method. The paper finds evidence of a steady growth rate from the Boreal period until a sudden population trough at ∼4330–4300 cal BCE. The trough coincides with indications from the archaeological record of a dispersal of hunter‐fisher‐gatherers from Southern Scandinavia to Norway. The dispersal was likely an effect of lowered habitat suitability and social stress caused by population pressure among Southern Scandinavian hunter‐fisher‐gatherers. In Southern Norway, the proxy data show that the trough enabled a subsequent ‘boom’ in population and the emergence of regional technological innovations that define the Mesolithic‐Neolithic transition.

中文翻译：

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挪威造成的晚间变伪性传播引起的农业前人口结构转型ME A A A CA CA PRE NOR NOR NOR NOR

人口增长一直在人口流动中起着关键作用，甚至在农耕和牧业时代之前就一直如此。本文探讨了挪威南部早期全新世（约9500-1700 cal BCE）的猎人-渔民-采集者之间的种群动态，特别关注中石器时代-新石器时代的过渡（4000/3900 cal BCE）。放射性碳数据经过校准，并转换为总概率分布（SPD）。启发式线性方法用于根据SPD计算年增长率。通过使用基于蒙特卡洛的模拟方法，对SPD中观察到的波动进行了显着性测试。该论文发现了从北冰洋时期到公元前433〜4300 cal突然出现谷底之前稳定增长的证据。该低谷与考古记录中从南斯堪的纳维亚半岛到挪威散布的捕捞渔民的迹象相吻合。散布可能是由于南斯堪的纳维亚的猎人-渔民-采集者之间的人口压力导致栖息地适应性降低和社会压力降低的结果。在挪威南部，代理数据显示，低谷促使随后的人口“激增”，并且出现了定义中石器时代-新石器时代过渡的区域技术创新。