Local dynamics are influenced by regional processes. Meta-ecology, or the study of spatial flows of energy, materials, and species between local systems, is becoming increasingly concerned with accurate depictions of species movements and the impacts of this movement on landscape-level ecosystem function. Indeed, incorporating diverse types of movement is a major frontier in metacommunity theory. Here, we synthesize literature to demonstrate that the movement of organisms between patches is governed by the interplay between both a species’ ability to move and the combined effects of landscape structure and physical flows (termed abiotic controls), which together we refer to as abiotic-dependent species connectivity. For example, two lakes that share geographic proximity may be inaccessible for mobile fish species because they lack a river connecting them (landscape structure), but wind currents may disperse insects between them (physical flows). Empirical evidence suggests that abiotic controls, such as ocean currents, lead to abiotic-dependent species connectivity and that, in nature, this type of connectivity is the rule rather than the exception. Based on this empirical evidence, we introduce a novel mathematical framework to demonstrate how species movement capabilities and abiotic conditions, can interact to influence metacommunity stability. We apply this framework to predict how incorporating abiotic-dependent species connectivity applies to classic empirical examples of aquatic, aquatic-terrestrial, and terrestrial experimental metacommunities. We demonstrate that incorporating abiotic-dependent species connectivity into metacommunity models can lead to a much broader range of dynamics than models previously predicted, including a wider range of metacommunity stability. Our framework fills critical gaps in our basic understanding of organismal movement across landscapes and provides testable predictions for how such common natural phenomena impact landscape-level ecosystem function. Finally, we present future perspectives for further development of meta-ecological theory from questions about fragmentation to ecosystems. Anthropogenic change is not only leading to habitat loss from the damming of rivers to denuding the landscape, but altering the physical flows that have historically connected communities. Thus, recognizing the importance of these processes in tandem with species’ movement abilities is critical for predicting and preserving the structure and function of ecological communities.

中文翻译：

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将非生物控制纳入元群落中的动物运动

地方动态受区域进程的影响。元生态学，或对局部系统之间能量、材料和物种空间流动的研究，越来越关注物种运动的准确描述以及这种运动对景观级生态系统功能的影响。事实上，整合不同类型的运动是元社区理论的主要前沿。在这里，我们综合文献以证明生物体在斑块之间的移动受物种移动能力与景观结构和物理流动的综合影响（称为非生物控制）之间的相互作用控制，我们将其统称为非生物-依赖的物种连通性。例如，地理邻近的两个湖泊可能无法移动鱼类，因为它们缺乏连接它们的河流（景观结构），但风流可能会在它们之间驱散昆虫（物理流）。经验证据表明，非生物控制，例如洋流，会导致非生物依赖的物种连通性，并且在自然界中，这种连通性是规则而不是例外。基于这一经验证据，我们引入了一个新的数学框架来展示物种运动能力和非生物条件如何相互作用以影响元群落稳定性。我们应用这个框架来预测如何将非生物依赖性物种连接性应用于水生、水生和陆地实验元群落的经典经验示例。我们证明，将非生物依赖性物种连通性纳入元群落模型可以产生比先前预测的模型更广泛的动态范围，包括更广泛的元群落稳定性。我们的框架填补了我们对跨景观的有机体运动的基本理解中的关键空白，并为这些常见的自然现象如何影响景观级生态系统功能提供了可测试的预测。最后，我们提出了元生态理论从破碎到生态系统问题进一步发展的未来前景。人为变化不仅导致栖息地丧失，从河流筑坝到景观剥落，而且改变了历史上连接社区的物理流量。因此，