Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) includes changes in processes such as encoding and retrieval for both traumatic and positive memories. However, most work has predominantly focused on traumatic memories. Thus, Contractor and colleagues proposed a Positive Memory-PTSD model, which highlighted potential benefits associated with and mechanisms underlying positive memory retrieval/processing among individuals reporting PTSD symptoms. To enhance research on and clinical impacts of this model, the current review provides critical considerations for the Positive Memory-PTSD model. Drawing from emerging research and clinical observations, we (i) clarify that the model addresses specific versus overgeneral positive memories; (ii) underscore the importance of considering the heterogeneity in, and transitionary nature of, affect processes following positive memory retrieval; and (iii) highlight the rationale for considering trauma type/count and co-occurring conditions, as potential moderators of relations between positive memory processing and PTSD. Hereby, we provide an updated Positive Memory-PTSD model and implications for positive memory interventions drawing from this model.

中文翻译：

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积极记忆-创伤后应激障碍模型的关键考虑因素

创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 包括过程的变化，例如对创伤和创伤的编码和检索。积极的回忆。然而，大多数工作主要集中在创伤性记忆上。因此，Contractor 及其同事提出了一个积极记忆-PTSD 模型，该模型强调了与报告 PTSD 症状的个体之间的积极记忆检索/处理相关的潜在益处和潜在的机制。为了加强对该模型的研究和临床影响，目前的审查为积极记忆-PTSD 模型提供了关键考虑因素。从新兴的研究和临床观察中，我们（i）阐明该模型解决了特定与过度普遍的积极记忆；(ii) 强调考虑积极记忆提取后影响过程的异质性和过渡性质的重要性；(iii) 强调考虑创伤类型/计数和同时发生的情况的基本原理，作为积极记忆处理和创伤后应激障碍之间关系的潜在调节剂。因此，我们提供了一个更新的正记忆-PTSD 模型，以及从该模型中提取的正记忆干预的含义。