2D layered materials derived from their bulk counterparts are intriguing platforms for the exploration of novel optoelectronic applications and fundamental physical phenomena. Among the 2D family, 2D semiconductors with sizable bandgaps, such as transitional metal dichalcogenides and black phosphorus, are promising building blocks for next-generation light-emitting applications due to their extraordinary optical and photoelectrical properties. Originating from the combined effect of quantum confinement and reduced dielectric screening, the excitonic effect is dominant in ultrathin 2D semiconductors and of essential importance for the performance of 2D light-emitting diodes (2DLEDs). Herein, a systematic summary and review is presented, where excitonic properties and the main influencing factors, including Coulomb interactions, band structures, carrier dynamics, and external electrical fields, are first analyzed. The recent progress of 2DLEDs as well as their excitonic emission features and electroluminescence manipulation are then introduced. Lastly, the ongoing challenges and future prospects of 2DLEDs are discussed.

中文翻译：

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原子级薄电致发光器件中的激子发射

源自其大块对应物的 2D 层状材料是探索新型光电应用和基本物理现象的有趣平台。在二维家族中，具有相当大带隙的二维半导体，如过渡金属二硫属化物和黑磷，由于其非凡的光学和光电特性，是下一代发光应用的有前途的基石。源自量子限制和降低的介电屏蔽的综合效应，激子效应在超薄二维半导体中占主导地位，对二维发光二极管 (2DLED) 的性能至关重要。在此，系统总结和综述，其中激子性质和主要影响因素，包括库仑相互作用、能带结构、首先分析载流子动力学和外部电场。然后介绍了 2DLED 的最新进展及其激子发射特征和电致发光操作。最后，讨论了 2DLED 的持续挑战和未来前景。