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Occurrence of pharmaceutical active compounds in sewage sludge from two urban wastewater treatment plants and their potential behaviour in agricultural soils
Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-4-12 , DOI: 10.1039/d1ew00132a Sofia Silva 1 , João A. Rodrigues 1 , Maria Rosário Coelho 2 , António Martins 2 , Eugénia Cardoso 3 , Vitor Vale Cardoso 1 , Maria João Benoliel 1 , Cristina M. M. Almeida 4, 5
Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-4-12 , DOI: 10.1039/d1ew00132a Sofia Silva 1 , João A. Rodrigues 1 , Maria Rosário Coelho 2 , António Martins 2 , Eugénia Cardoso 3 , Vitor Vale Cardoso 1 , Maria João Benoliel 1 , Cristina M. M. Almeida 4, 5
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Sewage sludge/biosolids are widely used in intensive farming to maintain fertility and enhance crop yields. Therefore, characterization of these matrices is necessary to ensure their safe use, especially regarding the presence of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), namely pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs). Little to no studies have ever been conducted in Portugal in this type of matrices, meaning these results may impact the way wastewater sludges are used moving forward. Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) coupled to the solid-phase extraction (SPE), and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was optimised for the analysis of 24 PhACs in sewage sludge samples from two Portuguese urban wastewater treatment plants (UWWTP), Beirolas and Faro. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for the PhACs ranged between 1.66 ng g−1 and 10.5 ng g−1 and between 5.49 ng g−1 and 34.5 ng g−1 in dry weight, respectively. Sixty-seven sewage sludge samples were analysed, with caffeine being the most prevalent compound, with the highest concentration measured in Beirolas and Faro of 4035 ng g−1 and 129.9 ng g−1, respectively. Carbamazepine, acetaminophen, diclofenac, naproxen, sulfapyridine, and propranolol were also prevalent, with a percentage of detection higher than 80%. The sewage sludges are indeed efficient in retaining PhACs, and the physico-chemical properties of PhACs and the soil must be evaluated when considering the use of sewage sludge as fertilizers in agriculture. Soils' pH is crucial to PhACs adsorption. Regarding target PhACs, only ibuprofen and sulfamethoxazole can potentially be absorbed by plants.
中文翻译：
两家城市污水处理厂污水污泥中药物活性化合物的存在及其在农业土壤中的潜在行为
污水污泥/生物固体广泛用于集约化农业，以维持肥力并提高农作物产量。因此，对这些基质进行表征对于确保其安全使用是必要的，尤其是在涉及新兴关注的污染物（CEC），即药物活性化合物（PhAC）的情况下。葡萄牙在此类基质上几乎没有进行过研究，这意味着这些结果可能会影响废水污泥的使用方式。优化了加速溶剂萃取（ASE）和固相萃取（SPE）以及高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS / MS）的方法，用于分析来自两个葡萄牙的污水污泥样品中的24种PhAC城市废水处理厂（UWWTP），贝罗拉斯和法鲁。干重分别为-1和10.5 ng g -1和5.49 ng g -1和34.5 ng g -1之间。分析了67个污水污泥样品，其中咖啡因是最普遍的化合物，在贝罗拉斯和法鲁测得的最高浓度为4035 ng g -1和129.9 ng g -1， 分别。卡马西平，对乙酰氨基酚，双氯芬酸，萘普生，磺胺吡啶和普萘洛尔也很普遍，检出率高于80％。污水污泥确实可以有效地保留PhAC，在考虑将污水污泥用作农业肥料时，必须评估PhAC和土壤的理化特性。土壤的pH值对PhACs的吸附至关重要。关于目标PhAC，只有布洛芬和磺胺甲恶唑可能被植物吸收。
更新日期：2021-04-19
中文翻译：
两家城市污水处理厂污水污泥中药物活性化合物的存在及其在农业土壤中的潜在行为
污水污泥/生物固体广泛用于集约化农业，以维持肥力并提高农作物产量。因此，对这些基质进行表征对于确保其安全使用是必要的，尤其是在涉及新兴关注的污染物（CEC），即药物活性化合物（PhAC）的情况下。葡萄牙在此类基质上几乎没有进行过研究，这意味着这些结果可能会影响废水污泥的使用方式。优化了加速溶剂萃取（ASE）和固相萃取（SPE）以及高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS / MS）的方法，用于分析来自两个葡萄牙的污水污泥样品中的24种PhAC城市废水处理厂（UWWTP），贝罗拉斯和法鲁。干重分别为-1和10.5 ng g -1和5.49 ng g -1和34.5 ng g -1之间。分析了67个污水污泥样品，其中咖啡因是最普遍的化合物，在贝罗拉斯和法鲁测得的最高浓度为4035 ng g -1和129.9 ng g -1， 分别。卡马西平，对乙酰氨基酚，双氯芬酸，萘普生，磺胺吡啶和普萘洛尔也很普遍，检出率高于80％。污水污泥确实可以有效地保留PhAC，在考虑将污水污泥用作农业肥料时，必须评估PhAC和土壤的理化特性。土壤的pH值对PhACs的吸附至关重要。关于目标PhAC，只有布洛芬和磺胺甲恶唑可能被植物吸收。
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