ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to determine whether attentional prioritization of visual stimuli associated with punishment transfers across conceptual knowledge independently of physical features. Participants performed a Stroop task in which words were presented individually. These stimuli consisted of four pairs of synonyms selected such that the two words of each pair have both a strong semantic association and no perceptual similarity. In the learning phase, two words (from two different pairs) were associated with shock independently of performance; all the other words were never paired with shock. In the subsequent test phase, no shock was delivered. Results are consistent with semantic generalization of punishment-related attentional priority; synonyms of words paired with shock produced a Stroop interference effect (i.e., slower response times) in learning and test phases, relative to synonyms of words not paired with shock, suggesting they were prioritized by attention.

 抽象的

本研究旨在确定与惩罚相关的视觉刺激的注意力优先顺序是否独立于身体特征而跨概念知识转移。参与者执行了斯特鲁普任务，其中单词被单独呈现。这些刺激由四对同义词组成，每对同义词中的两个单词都具有很强的语义关联，但没有感知相似性。在学习阶段，两个单词（来自两个不同的对）与震惊相关，与表现无关；所有其他词都不会与震惊相提并论。在随后的测试阶段，没有产生任何震动。结果与惩罚相关注意优先级的语义概括一致；相对于未与 shock 配对的单词的同义词，与 shock 配对的单词的同义词在学习和测试阶段产生了斯特鲁普干扰效应（即较慢的响应时间），这表明它们受到注意力的优先考虑。