Exposure to phthalates is widespread and especially early life stages represent a critical window of exposure. We investigated prenatal exposure to phthalates and a phthalate substitute and their association with birth outcomes and weight development in early life. In 333 mother-child pairs, we measured 13 phthalates and one phthalate substitute in spot-urine samples collected during pregnancy. The associations between phthalates and birth outcomes and weight gain in the first two years of life were estimated using robust linear regression. In boys, ΣHMWP were inversely associated with birth weight (b = -156.35, p = 0.045) and positively associated with weight gain in the first (b = 15.11, p = 0.02) and first two years of life (b = 20.10, p = 0.05). In the first year of life, MOINCH was associated with weight gain (b = 11.22, p = 0.04) in boys. Prenatal exposure to phthalates and phthalate substitutes may affect weight development in a sex-specific manner. Future research on effects of phthalate substitutes on child development is needed.

邻苯二甲酸盐的暴露是普遍的，尤其是生命早期阶段是暴露的关键窗口。我们调查了产前暴露于邻苯二甲酸盐和邻苯二甲酸盐替代品的情况，以及它们与出生结局和早年体重发展的关系。在333对母子对中，我们在怀孕期间收集的尿样样本中测量了13种邻苯二甲酸盐和一种邻苯二甲酸盐替代品。使用稳健的线性回归估计邻苯二甲酸盐与出生后头两年的出生结局和体重增加之间的关系。在男孩中，ΣHMWP与出生体重成反比（b = -156.35，p = 0.045），与出生后头两年（b = 15.11，p = 0.02）和体重增加呈正相关（b= 20.10，p = 0.05）。在生命的第一年，男孩的MOINCH与体重增加有关（b = 11.22，p = 0.04）。产前暴露于邻苯二甲酸盐和邻苯二甲酸盐替代品可能以性别特定的方式影响体重的发展。需要进一步研究邻苯二甲酸酯替代品对儿童发育的影响。