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Structural, nonlinear electrical characteristics, and stability against DC-accelerated aging stress behavior of Er-doped 20 nm ZnO–Bi2O3–Mn2O3-based varistors
Microscopy Research and Technique ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-16 , DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23776 Rabab Khalid Sendi 1
Microscopy Research and Technique ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-16 , DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23776 Rabab Khalid Sendi 1
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In this research, ZnO–Bi2O3–Mn2O3 varistors manufactured from 20 nm ZnO powder and doped with different amounts of Er2O3 were fabricated via the conventional ceramic processing method. The effect of various Er2O3 concentrations (0.5–2.0 mol%) on the sintered density, structural improvement, and nonlinear behavior of the 20 nm ZnO–Bi2O3–Mn2O3 varistors was discussed. Different Er2O3 concentrations exerted considerable influence on the varistors. The addition of large amounts of Er2O3 led to the inhibition of grain growth by increasing the amount of the Er2O3-rich spinel phase. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the addition of Er2O3 to the varistor systems led to the development of Er2O3-rich phases during sintering. During sintering, the considerable surface area of the nanoparticle powder resulted in numerous interactions in the surfaces of the ceramics manufactured from 20 nm ZnO powder. The electrical behaviors of the varistors were substantially influenced by Er2O3. E1 mA evidently increased from 2,144.7 to 5,482.2 V/mm with the increment in doping amount. The nonlinear coefficient also dramatically increased with the increase in Er2O3 content. The ZnO nanoparticle–Bi2O3–Mn2O3 varistors doped with 1.0–2.0 mol% Er2O3 possessed high voltage and nonlinearity and were stable against DC-accelerated aging stress.
中文翻译：
掺铒 20 nm ZnO–Bi2O3–Mn2O3 基压敏电阻的结构、非线性电气特性和对 DC 加速老化应力行为的稳定性
在本研究中，ZnO–Bi 2 O 3 –Mn 2 O 3压敏电阻由20 nm ZnO 粉末制成并掺杂不同量的Er 2 O 3通过传统的陶瓷加工方法制造。讨论了各种 Er 2 O 3浓度（0.5-2.0 mol%）对 20 nm ZnO-Bi 2 O 3 -Mn 2 O 3压敏电阻的烧结密度、结构改进和非线性行为的影响。异 Er 2 O 3浓度对压敏电阻产生相当大的影响。添加大量 Er 2 O 3通过增加富含Er 2 O 3 的尖晶石相的量来抑制晶粒生长。X 射线衍射分析表明，向压敏电阻系统添加 Er 2 O 3导致在烧结过程中形成富含Er 2 O 3 的相。在烧结过程中，纳米颗粒粉末的相当大的表面积导致在由 20 nm ZnO 粉末制造的陶瓷表面发生许多相互作用。Er 2 O对压敏电阻的电气行为有很大影响3 . 随着掺杂量的增加，E 1 mA从 2,144.7 V/mm 明显增加到 5,482.2 V/mm。随着Er 2 O 3含量的增加，非线性系数也急剧增加。掺杂有 1.0-2.0 mol% Er 2 O 3的 ZnO 纳米颗粒-Bi 2 O 3 -Mn 2 O 3压敏电阻具有高电压和非线性，并且对直流加速老化应力稳定。
更新日期：2021-04-16
中文翻译：
掺铒 20 nm ZnO–Bi2O3–Mn2O3 基压敏电阻的结构、非线性电气特性和对 DC 加速老化应力行为的稳定性
在本研究中，ZnO–Bi 2 O 3 –Mn 2 O 3压敏电阻由20 nm ZnO 粉末制成并掺杂不同量的Er 2 O 3通过传统的陶瓷加工方法制造。讨论了各种 Er 2 O 3浓度（0.5-2.0 mol%）对 20 nm ZnO-Bi 2 O 3 -Mn 2 O 3压敏电阻的烧结密度、结构改进和非线性行为的影响。异 Er 2 O 3浓度对压敏电阻产生相当大的影响。添加大量 Er 2 O 3通过增加富含Er 2 O 3 的尖晶石相的量来抑制晶粒生长。X 射线衍射分析表明，向压敏电阻系统添加 Er 2 O 3导致在烧结过程中形成富含Er 2 O 3 的相。在烧结过程中，纳米颗粒粉末的相当大的表面积导致在由 20 nm ZnO 粉末制造的陶瓷表面发生许多相互作用。Er 2 O对压敏电阻的电气行为有很大影响3 . 随着掺杂量的增加，E 1 mA从 2,144.7 V/mm 明显增加到 5,482.2 V/mm。随着Er 2 O 3含量的增加，非线性系数也急剧增加。掺杂有 1.0-2.0 mol% Er 2 O 3的 ZnO 纳米颗粒-Bi 2 O 3 -Mn 2 O 3压敏电阻具有高电压和非线性，并且对直流加速老化应力稳定。
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