This study was designed to identify the effects of a 12-h nicotine patch administration on cold induced vasodilation (CIVD) in healthy young chronic smokers following 16 h of abstinence from smoking. Two laser Doppler probes and temperature thermocouples were placed on the dorsal part of the distal phalanx of the middle and ring fingers of 7 smokers (>12 cigarettes/day). Following 16 h of abstinence from smoking, smokers were tested with and without administration of a 21 mg transdermal nicotine patch (NicoDerm^®). Each participant's right hand was immersed in cold (~5°C) water for 40 min. Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was calculated from non-invasive arterial finger blood pressure and skin blood flow and expressed as a percentage of peak CVC observed during hand skin heating to 44°C. For comparison purposes, the CIVD response of a non-smoking cohort without nicotine patch (n = 10) was also examined. Baseline CVC was similar in smokers and non-smokers (27.8 ± 12.6 CVC % peak). The initial vasoconstriction during cold-water immersion decreased skin blood flow to 4.0 ± 3.9 CVC % peak in both smokers and non-smokers. The onset of CIVD in smokers (4.5 ± 1.5 min) was delayed compared to non-smoker (3.3 ± 0.8 min, p < .05). The area under the CVC %peak-time curve during cold-water immersion averaged 1250 ± 388 CVC %peak · min in non-smokers which was larger (p < .05) than smokers with or without nicotine (789 ± 542 and 862 ± 517 CVC %peak · min, respectively). Chronic smoking impaired the CIVD response to cold-water immersion of the hand; however, the impaired CIVD response in 16 h of abstinence from smoking was not influenced by application of a 21 mg transdermal nicotine patch.

中文翻译：

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使用和不使用 12 小时尼古丁贴片的戒烟者因寒冷引起的血管舒张

本研究旨在确定 12 小时尼古丁贴片给药对健康年轻慢性吸烟者戒烟 16 小时后冷诱导血管舒张 (CIVD) 的影响。将两个激光多普勒探头和温度热电偶放置在 7 名吸烟者（>12 支香烟/天）的中指和无名指远端指骨的背侧。在戒烟 16 小时后，对吸烟者进行了测试，无论是否使用 21 mg 透皮尼古丁贴片 ( ^NicoDerm®）。每个参与者的右手都浸入冷（~5°C）水中40分钟。皮肤血管电导 (CVC) 由无创动脉手指血压和皮肤血流量计算得出，并表示为在手部皮肤加热至 44°C 期间观察到的峰值 CVC 的百分比。出于比较目的，还检查了没有尼古丁贴片（ n = 10）的非吸烟队列的 CIVD 反应。吸烟者和非吸烟者的基线 CVC 相似（27.8 ± 12.6 CVC % 峰值）。冷水浸泡期间最初的血管收缩将吸烟者和非吸烟者的皮肤血流量降低至 4.0 ± 3.9 CVC % 峰值。与不吸烟者（3.3 ± 0.8 分钟，p< .05)。冷水浸泡期间 CVC %peak-time 曲线下的面积在非吸烟者中平均为 1250 ± 388 CVC %peak·min，大于有或没有尼古丁的吸烟者（ 789 ± 542 和 862 ± 517 CVC %peak · min，分别）。长期吸烟会损害 CIVD 对手浸入冷水的反应；然而，在戒烟 16 小时内受损的 CIVD 反应不受应用 21 mg 透皮尼古丁贴剂的影响。