Flow variability is considered a fundamental factor affecting riverine biota. Any alterations to flow regime can influence freshwater organisms, and this process is expected to change with the projected climate change. This systematic map, therefore, aims at investigating the impacts of natural (resulting from climatic variability), anthropogenic (resulting from direct human pressure), and climate change-induced flow variability on fish and macroinvertebrates of temperate floodplain rivers in Central and Western Europe. Particular focus will be placed on the effects of extreme low and high discharges. These rare events are known to regulate population size and taxonomic diversity. All studies investigating the effects of flow variability on metrics concerning freshwater fish and macroinvertebrates will be considered in the map, particularly metrics such as: abundance, density, diversity, growth, migration, recruitment, reproduction, survival, or their substitutes, such as biomonitoring indices. Relevant flow variability will reflect (1) anthropogenic causes: dams, reservoirs, hydroelectric facilities, locks, levees, water abstraction, water diversion, land-use changes, road culverts; (2) natural causes: floods, droughts, seasonal changes; or (3) climate change. Geographically, the map will cover the ecoregion of Central and Western Europe, focusing on its major habitat type, namely “temperate floodplain rivers and wetlands”. The review will employ search engines and specialist websites, and cover primary and grey literature. No date, language, or document type restrictions will be applied in the search strategy. We expect the results to be primarily in English, although evidence (meeting all eligibility criteria) from other languages within the study area will also be included. We will also contact relevant stakeholders and announce an open call for additional information. Eligibility screening will be conducted at two levels: title and abstract, and full text. From eligible studies the following information will be extracted: the cause of flow variability, location, type of study, outcomes, etc. A searchable database containing extracted data will be developed and provided as supplementary material to the map report. The final narrative will describe the quantity and key characteristics of the available evidence, and identify knowledge gaps and knowledge clusters, i.e. subtopics sufficiently covered by existing studies allowing full systematic review and meta-analysis.

中文翻译：

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有什么证据表明流量变化对中欧和西欧温带洪泛区河流的鱼类和大型无脊椎动物的影响？系统的地图协议

流量变化被认为是影响河流生物区系的基本因素。流动方式的任何变化都可能影响淡水生物，预计这一过程将随着预计的气候变化而改变。因此，这个系统的地图旨在调查自然（由气候变化引起），人为（由直接人为压力引起）和气候变化引起的流量变化对中欧和西欧温带洪泛区河流的鱼类和大型无脊椎动物的影响。特别重点将放在极低和极高放电的影响上。众所周知，这些罕见事件会调节种群数量和生物分类多样性。地图中将考虑所有研究流量变化对淡水鱼和大型无脊椎动物指标的影响的研究，特别是指标，例如：丰度，密度，多样性，增长，迁徙，募集，繁殖，存活或它们的替代品，例如生物监测指标。相关的流量变化将反映（1）人为原因：大坝，水库，水力发电设施，闸，堤坝，取水，取水，土地利用变化，涵洞；（2）自然原因：洪水，干旱，季节变化；或（3）气候变化。该地图将在地理上覆盖中欧和西欧的生态区，重点是其主要栖息地类型，即“温带洪泛区河流和湿地”。审查将使用搜索引擎和专业网站，并涵盖主要和灰色文献。在搜索策略中不会应用日期，语言或文档类型的限制。我们希望结果主要是英文的，尽管研究区域内其他语言的证据（符合所有资格标准）也将包括在内。我们还将联系相关的利益相关者，并宣布公开征集更多信息。资格筛选将在两个级别进行：标题和摘要以及全文。从合格的研究中，将提取以下信息：流量变化的原因，位置，研究类型，结果等。将开发包含提取数据的可搜索数据库，并将其作为地图报告的补充材料提供。最后的叙述将描述现有证据的数量和关键特征，并确定知识差距和知识群，即现有研究充分涵盖的子主题，从而可以进行全面的系统综述和荟萃分析。