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Evaluation of the synergy between Schwanniomyces vanrijiae and propolis in the control of Penicillium digitatum on lemons
Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-17 , DOI: 10.1186/s41938-021-00415-4
Kamal A. M. Abo-Elyousr , Adel D. Al-Qurashi , Najeeb M. Almasoudi

Green mold disease on citrus caused by Penicillium digitatum is the most serious and destructive disease. It is causing 90% of production losses during post-harvest handling. In this study, the activity of seven yeast isolates from lemons against P. digitatum, a fungal pathogen that causes the green mold disease in lemons, was isolated and examined. In vitro experiments showed that isolate three significantly reduced pathogen growths and were later identified as Schwanniomyces vanrijiae. In addition, 3% ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) caused a strong mycelial growth inhibition with inhibition halos of 1.4 cm. The use of S. vanrijiae treatments to protect lemon fruits from green mold has been reported (55%); however, reports describing the application of EEP are limited (40%). Thus, the effectiveness of the combination of S. vanrijiae and 3% EEP in an antagonistic mixture for protecting lemon fruits from P. digitatum was examined. EEP and S. vanrijiae treatments were applied alone and in combination in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. The combined application of 3% EEP + S. vanrijiae on lemon fruits significantly reduced the severity and incidence of green mold (80 and 93.7%, respectively) with much higher efficacy than either treatment alone. Lemon fruits treated with both S. vanrijiae and 3% EEP showed increased levels of antioxidants, peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and phenol than the untreated control. The results indicated that the combination of S. vanrijiae + 3% EEP can strongly protect lemon fruits from green mold compared with the sole application of either bioagent.

中文翻译:

香菇Schwanniomyces vanrijiae和蜂胶之间的协同作用对柠檬青霉菌防治的评价

由指状青霉引起的柑橘绿色霉菌病是最严重和最具破坏性的疾病。在收获后的处理过程中造成90%的生产损失。在这项研究中,分离并检查了七个柠檬分离菌株对洋地黄假单胞菌(P. digitatum)的活性,洋地假单胞菌是一种引起柠檬绿色霉菌病的真菌病原体。体外实验表明,分离物3显着降低了病原体的生长,后来被鉴定为Van Schwanniomyces vanrijiae。此外,蜂胶的3%乙醇提取物(EEP)引起强烈的菌丝体生长抑制,抑制光晕为1.4 cm。据报道,有使用葡萄球菌(S. vanrijiae)处理来保护柠檬果实免受绿色霉菌侵害的报道(55%)。但是,描述EEP应用的报告非常有限(40%)。因此,结合使用S的有效性。检查了在保护柠檬果实免受指状疟原虫的拮抗性混合物中使用的vanrijiae和3%EEP。EEP和S. vanrijiae治疗可以单独使用,也可以在体内和体外条件下联合使用。在柠檬果实上联合使用3%EEP + S. vanrijiae可显着降低绿色霉菌的严重性和发生率(分别为80%和93.7%),其疗效远高于任何一种单独的治疗方法。与未处理的对照相比,用沙门氏菌和3%EEP处理的柠檬水果显示抗氧化剂,过氧化物酶(POD),多酚氧化酶(PPO)和苯酚的含量增加。结果表明,与单独使用任何一种生物制剂相比,S。vanrijiae + 3%EEP的组合可以强烈保护柠檬果实免受绿色霉菌侵害。检查指骨。EEP和S. vanrijiae治疗可以单独使用,也可以在体内和体外条件下联合使用。在柠檬果实上联合使用3%EEP + S. vanrijiae可显着降低绿色霉菌的严重性和发生率(分别为80%和93.7%),其疗效远高于任何一种单独的治疗方法。与未处理的对照相比,用沙门氏菌和3%EEP处理的柠檬水果显示抗氧化剂,过氧化物酶(POD),多酚氧化酶(PPO)和苯酚的含量增加。结果表明,与单独使用任何一种生物制剂相比,S。vanrijiae + 3%EEP的组合可以强烈保护柠檬果实免受绿色霉菌侵害。检查指骨。EEP和S. vanrijiae治疗可以单独使用,也可以在体内和体外条件下联合使用。在柠檬果实上联合使用3%EEP + S. vanrijiae可显着降低绿色霉菌的严重性和发生率(分别为80%和93.7%),其疗效远高于任何一种单独的治疗方法。与未处理的对照相比,用沙门氏菌和3%EEP处理的柠檬水果显示抗氧化剂,过氧化物酶(POD),多酚氧化酶(PPO)和苯酚的含量增加。结果表明,与单独使用任何一种生物制剂相比,S。vanrijiae + 3%EEP的组合可以强烈保护柠檬果实免受绿色霉菌侵害。在柠檬果实上联合使用3%EEP + S. vanrijiae可显着降低绿色霉菌的严重性和发生率(分别为80%和93.7%),其疗效远高于任何一种单独的治疗方法。与未处理的对照相比,用沙门氏菌和3%EEP处理的柠檬果实显示出较高的抗氧化剂,过氧化物酶(POD),多酚氧化酶(PPO)和苯酚水平。结果表明,与单独使用任何一种生物制剂相比,S。vanrijiae + 3%EEP的组合可以强烈保护柠檬果实免受绿色霉菌侵害。在柠檬果实上联合使用3%EEP + S. vanrijiae可显着降低绿色霉菌的严重性和发生率(分别为80%和93.7%),其疗效远高于任何一种单独的治疗方法。与未处理的对照相比,用沙门氏菌和3%EEP处理的柠檬水果显示抗氧化剂,过氧化物酶(POD),多酚氧化酶(PPO)和苯酚的含量增加。结果表明,与单独使用任何一种生物制剂相比,S。vanrijiae + 3%EEP的组合可以强烈保护柠檬果实免受绿色霉菌侵害。多酚氧化酶(PPO)和苯酚比未处理的对照。结果表明,与单独使用任何一种生物制剂相比,S。vanrijiae + 3%EEP的组合可以强烈保护柠檬果实免受绿色霉菌侵害。多酚氧化酶(PPO)和苯酚比未处理的对照。结果表明,与单独使用任何一种生物制剂相比,S。vanrijiae + 3%EEP的组合可以强烈保护柠檬果实免受绿色霉菌侵害。
更新日期:2021-04-18
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