The COVID-19 pandemic has posed several challenges to the provision of newborn nutrition and care interventions including maternal support, breastfeeding and family participatory care. Italy was the first country to be exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in Europe. One of the measures adopted by the Italian government during COVID-19 pandemic was the total lockdown of the cities with complete confinement at home. We aimed to examine the impact of the lockdown caused by COVID-19 pandemic on exclusive breastfeeding in non-infected mothers. We prospectively enrolled 204 mother-baby dyads during lockdown (9 March to 8 May 2020) that we compared to previously studied 306 mother-baby dyads admitted during the year 2018. To reduce the possible effect of confounding factors on exclusive breastfeeding, a 1:1 matching was performed by using an automatized procedure of stratification that paired 173 mother-baby dyads. Feeding modality was collected at discharge, 30 and 90 days of newborn’s life. Exclusive breastfeeding was considered when the infant received only breast milk and no other liquids or solids were given with the exception of vitamins, minerals or medicines. At discharge 69.4% of infants were exclusively breastfed during lockdown versus 97.7% of control group, 54.3% at 30 days vs 76.3 and 31.8% vs 70.5% at 90 days (p < 0.001). The proportion of breastfeeding remaining exclusive from discharge to 30-day was similar between groups (about 80%), but it was lower in lockdown group than in control cohort (58.5% vs 92.4%, p < 0.001) from 30- to 90-days. Lockdown and home confinement led to a decrease of exclusively breastfeeding in the studied population. Considering the timing to shift from exclusive to non-exclusive breastfeeding, differences between study groups were concentrated during hospital stay and from 30- to 90 days of a newborn’s life, confirming that the hospital stay period is crucial in continuing exclusive breastfeeding at least for the first 30 days, but no longer relevant at 90 days of life.

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COVID-19大流行封锁对未感染母亲纯母乳喂养的影响

COVID-19大流行对提供新生儿营养和护理干预措施（包括产妇支持，母乳喂养和家庭参与式护理）提出了若干挑战。意大利是欧洲第一个暴露于SARS-CoV-2的国家。意大利政府在COVID-19大流行期间采取的措施之一是完全封闭家庭，对城市进行全面封锁。我们旨在研究由COVID-19大流行引起的封锁对未感染母亲纯母乳喂养的影响。我们前瞻性地研究了锁定期间（2020年3月9日至2020年5月8日）的204个母婴二倍体，并将其与之前研究的2018年入院的306个母婴二倍体进行了比较。为减少混杂因素对纯母乳喂养的可能影响，采用1：通过使用自动分层方法将173对母婴二元组配对，进行了1个匹配。在新生儿出生后30天和90天的出院时收集喂养方式。当婴儿仅接受母乳并且不补充其他液体或固体（维生素，矿物质或药物除外）时，则考虑采用纯母乳喂养。出院时，锁定期间仅进行母乳喂养的婴儿为69.4％，而对照组为97.7％，在30天时为54.3％，而在90天时为76.3，而在90天时为31.8％，而母婴为70.5％（p <0.001）。两组之间从出院到30天仍保持母乳喂养的比例相似（约80％），但锁定组从30-90岁的对照组低于对照组（58.5％vs 92.4％，p <0.001）。天。封锁和家庭禁闭导致了研究人群中纯母乳喂养的减少。考虑到从纯母乳喂养过渡到非纯母乳喂养的时间，研究组之间的差异主要集中在住院期间以及新生儿生命的30-90天，这证实了住院时间对于至少继续进行纯母乳喂养至关重要。前30天，但在生命90天后不再相关。