Timely initiation of breastfeeding is putting the newborn baby to the breast within 1 h of birth. Its practice can prevent neonatal and under-5 mortality. This study aims to assess the prevalence and factors associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding among mothers in Ghana. We used data from the 2017–2018 Ghana multiple indicator cluster survey and our analysis was restricted to 3466 mothers who had a live birth within 2 years. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the factors associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding whilst adjusting for potential confounders, and accounted for clustering, stratification, and sample weights. The prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding was 52.3% (95% CI 49.7%, 54.9%). Mothers who were assisted by a skilled attendant at birth had 65% higher odds of timely initiation of breastfeeding compared to mothers who were not assisted by a skilled attendant (adjusted prevalence odds ratio [aPOR] 1.65; 95% CI 1.28, 2.13). Mothers who delivered by Caesarean section had 74% lower odds of timely initiation of breastfeeding compared to mothers who had vaginal delivery (aPOR 0.26; 95% CI 0.18, 0.36). Mothers who had planned their pregnancy had 31% higher odds of timely initiation of breastfeeding compared to mothers who had an unplanned pregnancy (aPOR 1.31; 95% CI 1.05, 1.63). There were also 74% and 51% higher odds of timely initiation of breastfeeding among mothers who perceived their baby was large (aPOR 1.74; 95% CI 1.34, 2.26), and of average size (aPOR 1.51, 95% CI 1.16, 1.97) at birth respectively, compared to mothers who perceived their baby was small. Interventions to increase timely initiation of breastfeeding should provide breastfeeding support to mothers who have had a Caesarean section, small sized babies and unplanned pregnancies, and to promote birthing by skilled birth attendants.

中文翻译：

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加纳及时开始母乳喂养的流行率和预测因素：2017-2018 年多指标类集调查分析

及时开始母乳喂养是指在出生后 1 小时内让新生儿接触乳房。它的做法可以预防新生儿和 5 岁以下儿童的死亡率。本研究旨在评估加纳母亲及时开始母乳喂养的流行率和相关因素。我们使用了 2017-2018 年加纳多指标聚类调查的数据，我们的分析仅限于 2 年内活产的 3466 名母亲。多变量逻辑回归用于估计与及时开始母乳喂养相关的因素，同时调整潜在的混杂因素，并考虑聚类、分层和样本权重。及时开始母乳喂养的流行率为 52.3% (95% CI 49.7%, 54.9%)。与没有熟练助产士协助的母亲相比，出生时由熟练助产士协助的母亲及时开始母乳喂养的几率高 65%（调整后患病率优势比 [aPOR] 1.65；95% CI 1.28, 2.13）。与阴道分娩的母亲相比，剖腹产的母亲及时开始母乳喂养的几率低 74%（aPOR 0.26；95% CI 0.18, 0.36）。与计划外怀孕的母亲相比，计划怀孕的母亲及时开始母乳喂养的几率高出 31%（aPOR 1.31；95% CI 1.05, 1.63）。认为婴儿大 (aPOR 1.74; 95% CI 1.34, 2.26) 和平均大小 (aPOR 1.51, 95% CI 1.16, 1.97) 的母亲及时开始母乳喂养的几率也分别高出 74% 和 51%分别在出生时，与认为自己的孩子很小的母亲相比。增加及时开始母乳喂养的干预措施应为剖腹产、小婴儿和意外怀孕的母亲提供母乳喂养支持，并促进由熟练的助产士分娩。