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Climatic constraints to yield and yield components of temperate japonica rice
Agronomy Journal ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-17 , DOI: 10.1002/agj2.20689
Yean‐Uk Kim 1 , Kanghyun Moon 2 , Byun‐Woo Lee 1
Affiliation  

Although temperate japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) production is limited by both low- and high-temperature stresses, the primary constraint was reported to be cold stress in the past. However, the magnitudes of low- and high-temperature stresses may have been altered by global warming. In this study, the major climatic constraints to the yield and yield components of temperate japonica rice grown in field conditions under the current climates were assessed using the random forests method with 14-yr field trial data (n = 499). Low temperatures had negligible impacts on rice yield under the current climates (2005–2018) in South Korea. Meanwhile, high-temperature stress was most significant during the ripening stage, followed by the reproductive stage. Yield losses by high temperatures were primarily associated with reduced filled-grain percentage, followed by reduced 1,000-grain weight. During the vegetative stage, higher temperature (or higher growing degree days, GDD) decreased the number of panicles per m2 and increased the number of spikelets per panicle, resulting in negligible changes in the number of spikelets per m2 and yield. The effect of solar radiation was most significant during the ripening stage. More solar radiation during the ripening stage enhanced rice yield by increasing filled-grain percentage and 1,000-grain weight. This study highlights that the primary constraints to temperate japonica rice grown under the current climates are high-temperature stresses during the ripening and reproductive stages rather than low-temperature stresses. Thus, there is an urgent need to explore options for improving the adaptation of temperate japonica rice to anticipated global warming.

中文翻译:

气候对温带粳稻产量和产量构成的制约

尽管温带粳稻( Oryza sativa L.) 的生产受到低温和高温胁迫的限制,但过去据报道主要制约因素是冷胁迫。然而,全球变暖可能已经改变了低温和高温应力的大小。在这项研究中,使用随机森林方法和 14 年的田间试验数据,评估了在当前气候下在田间条件下种植的温带粳稻产量和产量构成的主要气候限制(n = 499)。在韩国当前气候(2005-2018)下,低温对水稻产量的影响可以忽略不计。同时,高温胁迫在成熟期最为显着,其次是生殖期。高温导致的产量损失主要与填充谷物百分比降低有关,其次是 1,000 粒重量减少。在营养阶段,较高的温度(或较高的生长期,GDD)降低了每米2的穗数,增加了每米的小穗数,导致每米2小穗数的变化可以忽略不计和产量。太阳辐射的影响在成熟阶段最为显着。成熟阶段更多的太阳辐射通过增加饱满粒率和千粒重来提高水稻产量。这项研究强调,在当前气候下种植温带粳稻的主要限制因素是成熟和生殖阶段的高温胁迫,而不是低温胁迫。因此,迫切需要探索改善温带粳稻对预期全球变暖的适应性的选择。
更新日期:2021-04-17
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