The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of AgNPs on Artemia salina and Allium cepa, evaluating the influence of the dilution solutions on the particle behavior. The AgNPs were synthesized by chemical reduction of AgNO₃ (3 and 5 mmol L⁻¹) with sodium borohydride and stabilized with PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) and CMC (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose). The toxicity of AgNPs was evaluated in Artemia salina (mortality) using Meyer’s solution as a diluent and in Allium cepa (chromosomal aberrations) using reconstituted hard water. AgNPs showed characteristic molecular absorption bands. Particles with CMC presented hydrodynamic radius between 4 and 102 nm and with PVA between 7 and 46 nm. The studied dispersions were toxic to A. salina species. Meyer’s solution, used as dilution water in the test, caused precipitation of Ag⁺ and also caused changes in CMC-stabilized AgNPs, changing the shape of the nanoparticles by depositing precipitates on their surface. These changes make the results of toxicity difficult to interpret. AgNPs stabilized with PVA remained unchanged. AgNPs affected cell division and caused the appearance of chromosomal aberrations on A. cepa. Higher numbers of chromosomal aberrations occurred in dispersions with smaller particle diameters (AgNPs3-PVA and AgNPs5-PVA, without dilution). In the studied conditions the dispersions were toxic to the tested organisms, the concentrations of precursors and the type of stabilizer used influenced the particle size and toxicity. In the test with A. cepa, the reconstituted hard water did not cause changes in the dispersions of AgNPs, whereas for A. salina the Meyer solution promoted aggregation of the particles and precipitation, in the dispersions stabilized with CMC, thus changing the samples.

这项研究的目的是评估AgNPs对卤虫和洋葱的影响，并评估稀释液对颗粒行为的影响。通过用硼氢化钠化学还原AgNO ₃（3和5 mmol L ^-1）并用PVA（聚乙烯醇）和CMC（羧甲基纤维素钠）稳定化来合成AgNP 。的AgNPs的毒性在评价卤虫使用Meyer的溶液作为稀释剂和在（死亡率）洋葱（重组的硬水）（染色体畸变）。AgNPs显示出特征性的分子吸收带。具有CMC的粒子的流体力学半径在4到102 nm之间，而PVA的粒子在7到46 nm之间。研究的分散体对盐沼曲霉有毒。Meyer溶液在测试中用作稀释水，导致Ag ⁺沉淀，还引起CMC稳定的AgNPs变化，通过在颗粒表面沉积沉淀物来改变纳米颗粒的形状。这些变化使毒性结果难以解释。用PVA稳定的AgNPs保持不变。受影响的AgNPs细胞分裂和引起染色体畸变的上外观圆葱。粒径较小的分散体（AgNPs3-PVA和AgNPs5-PVA，未稀释）中出现更多的染色体畸变。在研究的条件下，分散体对被测生物具有毒性，前体的浓度和所用稳定剂的类型会影响粒径和毒性。在用C. cepa进行的测试中，重构的硬水不会引起AgNPs分散液的变化，而对于盐沼曲霉，Meyer溶液在用CMC稳定的分散液中促进了颗粒的聚集和沉淀，从而改变了样品。