Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) have characteristic personality traits compared with healthy subjects. Genome-wide significant variants for neuroticism have been reported in healthy subjects. However, the associations of these genome-wide neuroticism-associated variants with five-factor personality traits in patients with SCZ are less clear. We investigated the influences of nine independent genome-wide significant variants for neuroticism on five-factor personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) assessed by the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) in 107 patients with SCZ and 119 healthy controls (HCs). As expected, patients with SCZ scored significantly higher for neuroticism and lower for extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness than HCs (p < 0.05). Of nine neuroticism-associated variants, the T allele at rs4653663 related to lower neuroticism was only significantly associated with lower neuroticism in patients with SCZ (β = −0.27, p = 3.88 × 10⁻³) and in combined subjects (β = −0.15, p = 0.026). Furthermore, of other personality traits, the genetic variant was significantly associated with higher agreeableness in combined subjects (β = 0.17, p = 9.41×10⁻³), higher conscientiousness in patients with SCZ (β = 0.21, p = 0.031) and lower conscientiousness in HCs (β = −0.20, p = 0.034), and nominally associated with higher extraversion in patients with SCZ (β = 0.18, p = 0.056) and in combined subjects (β = 0.13, p = 0.051). These outcomes were not affected by clinical variables. We suggest that genome-wide neuroticism-associated variant could be associated with neuroticism as well as other personality traits in schizophrenia.

与健康受试者相比，精神分裂症 (SCZ) 患者具有特征性的人格特征。已经在健康受试者中报道了神经质的全基因组显着变异。然而，这些全基因组神经质相关变异与 SCZ 患者的五因素人格特征之间的关联尚不清楚。我们调查了神经质的 9 个独立的全基因组显着变异对 107 名 SCZ 患者的 NEO 五因素清单 (NEO-FFI) 评估的五因素人格特征（神经质、外向性、开放性、宜人性和责任心）的影响和 119 名健康对照 (HC)。正如预期的那样，与 HC 相比，SCZ 患者在神经质方面的得分显着更高，而在外向性、开放性、宜人性和尽责性方面的得分则更低（p< 0.05)。在九个神经质相关变异中，rs4653663 的 T 等位基因与较低的神经质相关，仅与 SCZ 患者的较低神经质显着相关 ( β = -0.27, p = 3.88 × 10 ^-3 ) 和合并受试者 ( β = -0.15 , p = 0.026)。此外，在其他人格特征中，遗传变异与组合受试者的较高宜人性（β = 0.17, p = 9.41×10 ^-3）、SCZ 患者的较高责任心（β = 0.21, p = 0.031）和较低HCs 的尽责性 ( β = -0.20, p= 0.034)，并且名义上与 SCZ 患者 ( β = 0.18, p = 0.056) 和合并受试者 ( β = 0.13, p = 0.051) 的外向性更高。这些结果不受临床变量的影响。我们建议全基因组神经质相关变异可能与精神分裂症中的神经质以及其他人格特征有关。