From psychological to physical health: Exploring temporal precedence throughout emotion regulation therapy,Journal of Anxiety Disorders

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From psychological to physical health: Exploring temporal precedence throughout emotion regulation therapy
Journal of Anxiety Disorders ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102403
Megan E Renna ₁ , Mia S O'Toole ₂ , David M Fresco ₃ , Richard G Heimberg ₄ , Douglas S Mennin ₅

Affiliation

Objective

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized, in part, by physical symptoms such as muscle tension and gastrointestinal (GI) distress. To date, little research has examined how changes in psychological symptoms associated with GAD may impact physical symptoms. This study investigated if reductions in worry, anxiety, and depression precede changes in muscle tension and GI distress throughout psychotherapy.

Methods

Participants with GAD (N = 85) completed 20 weeks of emotion regulation therapy (ERT) in addition to assessments pre, mid, and post treatment. They completed a physical symptom questionnaire, evaluating muscle tension and GI distress. Participants also completed psychological symptoms questionnaires, including the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-7), Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Control participants (N = 44) completed these measures at baseline.

Results

Participants with GAD had significantly greater muscle tension (p < .001) and GI distress (p < .001) compared to control participants without GAD. Reductions in worry, depression, and trait anxiety did not precede changes in muscle tension (range of effect size (r): .05–.12). Reductions in both depression (p = 0.04) and trait anxiety (p < 0.01) preceded reductions in GI distress. Reductions in worry did not precede reductions in GI distress (p = 0.25).

Conclusion

These data provide preliminary evidence for the temporal effect of reductions in psychological symptoms on reductions in GI distress in GAD, highlighting the potential of psychotherapy to improve physical outcomes.

中文翻译：

从心理健康到身体健康：探索情绪调节疗法中的时间优先顺序

客观的

广泛性焦虑症 (GAD) 的部分特征是身体症状，例如肌肉紧张和胃肠道 (GI) 不适。迄今为止，很少有研究探讨与广泛性焦虑症相关的心理症状变化如何影响身体症状。这项研究调查了在整个心理治疗过程中，忧虑、焦虑和抑郁的减少是否先于肌肉紧张和胃肠道不适的改变。

方法

患有广泛性焦虑症的参与者 ( N = 85) 除了治疗前、中期和治疗后的评估外，还完成了 20 周的情绪调节治疗 (ERT)。他们完成了身体症状问卷，评估肌肉紧张和胃肠道不适。参与者还完成了心理症状问卷调查，包括国家特质焦虑量表 (STAI-7)、宾夕法尼亚州担忧问卷 (PSWQ) 和贝克抑郁量表 (BDI-II)。控制参与者 ( N = 44) 在基线时完成了这些措施。

结果

与没有广泛性焦虑症的对照组参与者相比，患有广泛性焦虑症的参与者肌肉紧张 ( p < .001) 和胃肠道不适 ( p < .001) 显着增加。忧虑、抑郁和特质焦虑的减少并没有先于肌肉紧张的变化（效果大小范围 ( r )：0.05–0.12）。抑郁症 ( p = 0.04) 和特质焦虑症 ( p < 0.01) 的减少先于 GI 痛苦的减少。忧虑的减少并未先于 GI 痛苦的减少 ( p = 0.25)。