Measurement bandwidth of energy measurements are increasing to incorporate all the harmonics created by nonlinear loads and distributed generators making the measurement electronics complex and sensitive to electromagnetic interference. This article proposes to change the accuracy paradigm by focusing on fundamental active power and lower harmonics for energy metering, simplifying the electronics and making them robust against electromagnetic interference. Using the orthogonality of power flow via Parseval’s theorem, a theoretical analysis, simulations, and measurements on power calculations using the fundamental active power are presented. It is shown that a perfect power measurement is achieved with a pure 50 Hz supply voltage, regardless of the nonlinear current. Even with the highest allowed harmonic distortion of the voltage and the current as listed in the international standards EN 50160 and IEC 61000-3-2, more than 97.5% of the active power is contained in the fundamental active power. Negligible active power is contained in the higher frequency components. This error margin falls within limits for electricity meters. Filtering the current with a basic low-pass filter can prevent the erroneous measurements that have appeared with static energy meters. In other words, it has been proven that negligible energy flows in the higher frequency components.

中文翻译：

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使用非基波功率元件的正交性进行电磁兼容能量测量

能量测量的测量带宽正在增加，以包含非线性负载和分布式发电机产生的所有谐波，这使得测量电子设备复杂且对电磁干扰敏感。本文建议通过关注用于电能计量的基波有功功率和低次谐波来改变精度范式，简化电子设备并使其具有强大的抗电磁干扰能力。通过 Parseval 定理使用功率流的正交性，介绍了使用基本有功功率进行功率计算的理论分析、模拟和测量。结果表明，无论非线性电流如何，在纯 50 Hz 电源电压下都能实现完美的功率测量。即使在国际标准 EN 50160 和 IEC 61000-3-2 中列出的电压和电流的最高允许谐波失真，97.5% 以上的有功功率包含在基波有功功率中。高频分量中包含可忽略的有功功率。该误差范围在电表的限制范围内。使用基本的低通滤波器过滤电流可以防止静态电能表出现的错误测量。换句话说，已经证明在较高频率分量中流动的能量可以忽略不计。该误差范围在电表的限制范围内。使用基本的低通滤波器过滤电流可以防止静态电能表出现的错误测量。换句话说，已经证明在较高频率分量中流动的能量可以忽略不计。该误差范围在电表的限制范围内。使用基本的低通滤波器过滤电流可以防止静态电能表出现的错误测量。换句话说，已经证明在较高频率分量中流动的能量可以忽略不计。