Freight transport disruptions in recent years caused production shutdowns in the industry, supply shortages and high economic damage around the world. In practice, contingency strategies from transport operators are often weak and disruption management fails to handle the situation sufficiently. Despite availability of data collection, academic optimization approaches, and multiple initiatives for coordinated multimodal management in case of disruptions, there are multiple infrastructural, decisional and organizational issues, which limit their applicability. We study those factors by a literature analysis, and a survey in which we ask practitioners, authorities and academic experts to discuss specific aspect in structured and unstructured form. We summarize some parameters, which can be influenced by strategic, tactical, operational actions, and those others referring to systemic properties; or disruption characteristics, which can only be hedged against. Hereby, we offer a knowledge base to future projects aiming to optimize multimodal management at strategic tactical and operational scope, to counter disruptions in freight transport networks.

中文翻译：

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基础设施，决策和组织方面使用模式转换来处理货运中的干扰：文献和专家调查

近年来，货运中断导致该行业的生产停产，供应短缺以及世界各地的高经济损失。实际上，运输运营商的应急策略通常很薄弱，中断管理无法充分处理这种情况。尽管存在数据收集，学术优化方法和在中断情况下进行协调多式联运管理的多项举措，但仍存在多个基础设施，决策和组织问题，这限制了它们的适用性。我们通过文献分析和调查来研究这些因素，我们要求从业人员，权威人士和学术专家以结构化和非结构化形式讨论特定方面。我们总结了一些参数，这些参数可能会受到战略，战术，作战行动的影响，以及其他提到系统特性的对象；或破坏特征，只能对冲。因此，我们为将来的项目提供了知识库，这些项目旨在在战略战术和运营范围内优化多式联运管理，以应对货运网络的中断。