Transport phenomena play a crucial role in modern physics and applied sciences. Examples include the dissipation of energy across a large system, the distribution of quantum information in optical networks, and the timely modeling of spreading diseases. In this work we experimentally prove the feasibility of disordered quantum walks to realize a quantum simulator that is able to model general transient subdiffusive phenomena, exhibiting a sublinear spreading in space over time. Our experiment simulates such phenomena by means of a finely controlled insertion of various levels of disorder during the evolution of the walker, enabled by the unique flexibility of our setup. This allows us to explore the full range of subdiffusive behaviors, ranging from anomalous Anderson-like localization to normal diffusion for all experimentally accessible step numbers.

中文翻译：

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通过无序量子游走进行的瞬态扩散

传输现象在现代物理学和应用科学中起着至关重要的作用。例如，整个系统的能量耗散，光网络中量子信息的分布以及疾病传播的及时建模。在这项工作中，我们通过实验证明了无序量子行走的可行性，以实现一种能够模拟一般瞬态亚扩散现象并在时间上表现出亚线性分布的量子模拟器。我们的实验通过在助行器进化过程中精确控制各种级别障碍的插入来模拟这种现象，这得益于我们设置的独特灵活性。这使我们能够探索各种亚扩散行为，