In a food-limited urban environment, policy can improve or exacerbate existing inequalities in access to natural resources. While urban marine subsistence fishers in the United States (US) commonly provision their diets using local fish, little is known about how local policy relates to subsistence fisher vulnerability and existing socioeconomic disadvantage. Further, it is unclear how US state agencies consider subsistence fisher practices or vulnerabilities in urban planning or biomonitoring. Data mismatches may prevent urban subsistence fishers from accessing adequate fisheries resources and making informed dietary choices, potentially leading to unhealthy fish consumption practices. We evaluated potential mismatches between marine subsistence fishing practices, fisheries policy, and urban planning by conducting a transdisciplinary synthesis of recreational fisheries surveys, fish biomonitoring data, socioeconomic data, and planning policy documents from New Orleans, Louisiana (US) and Tampa, Florida (US). Urban subsistence fishers represent a heterogeneous community whose diverse fishing practices were inadequately integrated into public policies. Further, we found an association between increased fishing levels and neighbourhood disadvantage. This misalignment between policy and practice may introduce unknown health risks for subsistence fishers. We make recommendations for broadening fisher characterization to include non-tribal subsistence fishing, utilizing more social science approaches in developing subsistence fishing policy, integrating fishing practices in urban policy and planning decisions, and increasing communication across agencies concerning policies affecting urban fishers.

在粮食有限的城市环境中，政策可以改善或加剧现有自然资源获取方面的不平等现象。尽管美国（美国）的城市海洋生计渔民通常使用当地鱼类来提供食物，但人们对地方政策与生计渔民的脆弱性和现有社会经济劣势之间的关系知之甚少。此外，目前尚不清楚美国各州机构如何在城市规划或生物监测中考虑生存渔民的做法或脆弱性。数据不匹配可能会阻止城市自给渔民获得足够的渔业资源并做出明智的饮食选择，从而有可能导致不健康的鱼类消费习惯。我们评估了海洋自给捕鱼行为，渔业政策，进行休闲渔业调查，鱼类生物监测数据，社会经济数据以及规划政策文件的跨学科综合，这些规划来自路易斯安那州新奥尔良和佛罗里达州坦帕。城市生活的渔民代表了一个异质社区，其多样化的捕鱼方式没有充分纳入公共政策。此外，我们发现增加的捕捞水平与邻里不利之间存在关联。政策和实践之间的这种不一致可能给自给渔民带来未知的健康风险。我们提出了一些建议，以扩大渔民的特征，包括非部落的自给性捕鱼，在制定自给性捕鱼政策时采用更多的社会科学方法，将捕鱼行为纳入城市政策和规划决策，