Abstract The study presents comparisons between blood group frequencies beyond ABO and Rh blood systems in Native American populations and previously published data from Brazilian blood donors. The frequencies of Diego (c.2561C>T, rs2285644), Kell (c.578C>T, rs8176058), Duffy (c.125A>G, rs12075, c.1−67T>C, rs2814778) and Kidd (c.838A>G, rs1058396) variants in Kaingang (n=72) and Guarani (n=234) populations from Brazil (1990-2000) were obtained and compared with data from these populations sampled during the 1960s and with individuals of different Brazilian regions. Data showed high frequencies of DI*01 and FY*01 alleles: 11.8% and 57.6% in Kaingang and 6.8% and 75.7% in Guarani groups, respectively. The main results indicated: (1) reduction in genetic distance over time of Kaingang and Guarani in relation to other Brazilian populations is suggestive of ongoing admixture; (2) significant differences in some frequencies of blood group markers (especially Diego, Kidd and Duffy) in relation to Native Americans and individuals from different geographical regions of Brazil. Our study shows that the frequency of red blood cell polymorphisms in two Native American groups is very different from that of blood donors, when we evaluated blood groups different from ABO and Rh systems, suggesting that a better ethnic characterization of blood unit receptors is necessary.

中文翻译：

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美洲原住民的血型：超越ABO和Rh

摘要这项研究提出了美洲原住民人群中ABO和Rh血液系统以外的血型频率的比较，以及先前从巴西献血者那里发表的数据。迭戈（c.2561C> T，rs2285644），凯尔（c.578C> T，rs8176058），达菲（c.125A> G，rs12075，c.1-67T> C，rs2814778）和Kidd（c。从巴西（1990-2000）的Kaingang（n = 72）和Guarani（n = 234）人群中获得了838A> G，rs1058396）变体，并将其与1960年代采样的这些人群的数据以及巴西不同地区的个体进行了比较。数据显示，DI * 01和FY * 01等位基因的频率很高：Kaingang的频率分别为11.8％和57.6％，Guarani组的频率分别为6.8％和75.7％。主要结果表明：（1）与其他巴西人口相比，Kaingang和Guarani的遗传距离随着时间的推移而减少，这表明正在进行混合。（2）与美国原住民和来自巴西不同地理区域的个人相比，某些血型标志物（尤其是迭戈，基德和达菲）的频率存在显着差异。我们的研究表明，当我们评估与ABO和Rh系统不同的血型时，两个美国原住民群体的红细胞多态性频率与献血者的频率非常不同，这表明必须对血单位受体进行更好的族群表征。（Kidd和Duffy）与美国原住民和来自巴西不同地理区域的个人有关。我们的研究表明，当我们评估与ABO和Rh系统不同的血型时，两个美国原住民群体的红细胞多态性频率与献血者的频率非常不同，这表明必须对血单位受体进行更好的族群表征。（Kidd和Duffy）与美国原住民和来自巴西不同地理区域的个人有关。我们的研究表明，当我们评估与ABO和Rh系统不同的血型时，两个美国原住民群体的红细胞多态性频率与献血者的频率非常不同，这表明必须对血单位受体进行更好的族群表征。