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The Existence of Three-Dimensional Multi-Hump Gravity-Capillary Surface Waves on Water of Finite Depth
SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-15 , DOI: 10.1137/20m1319991
Shengfu Deng , Shu-Ming Sun

SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis, Volume 53, Issue 2, Page 2134-2205, January 2021.
The paper considers three-dimensional (3D) traveling surface waves on water of finite depth under the forces of gravity and surface tension using the exact governing equations, also called Euler equations. It was known that when two nondimensional constants $b$ and $\lambda$, which are related to the surface tension coefficient and the traveling wave speed, respectively, near a critical curve in the $(b, \lambda )$-plane, the Euler equations have a 3D solution that has one hump at the center, approaches nonzero oscillations at infinity in the propagation direction, and is periodic in the transverse direction. This paper proves that in this parameter region, the Euler equations also have a 3D two-hump solution with similar properties. These two humps in the propagation direction are far apart and connected by small oscillations in the middle. The result obtained here is the first rigorous proof on the existence of 3D multi-hump water waves. The main idea of the proof is to find appropriate free constants and derive the necessary estimates of the solutions for the Euler equations in terms of those free constants so that two 3D one-hump solutions that are far apart can be successfully matched in the middle to form a 3D two-hump solution if some values of those constants are specified from matching conditions. The idea may also be applied to study the existence of 3D $2^n$-hump water waves.


中文翻译:

有限深度的水上三维多峰重力毛细血管表面波的存在

SIAM数学分析杂志,第53卷,第2期,第2134-2205页,2021年1月。
本文使用精确的控制方程(也称为欧拉方程),在重力和表面张力的作用下,对有限深度的水上的三维(3D)传播表面波进行了研究。众所周知,当两个无量纲常数$ b $和$ \ lambda $分别在$(b,\ lambda)$平面的临界曲线附近时,分别与表面张力系数和行波速度有关,欧拉方程具有一个3D解,该解的中心有一个驼峰,在传播方向上的无穷远处接近非零振荡,在横向上是周期性的。本文证明,在此参数区域中,欧拉方程还具有类似性质的3D两峰解决方案。传播方向上的这两个驼峰相距很远,并且通过中间的小振荡连接在一起。此处获得的结果是关于3D多峰水波存在的第一个严格证明。证明的主要思想是找到合适的自由常数,并根据这些自由常数来推导Euler方程的解的必要估计,以便可以在中间将两个相距很远的3D一峰解成功匹配。如果从匹配条件中指定了这些常数的某些值,则可以形成3D两峰解决方案。这个想法也可以用于研究3D $ 2 ^ n $-驼峰水波的存在。证明的主要思想是找到合适的自由常数,并根据这些自由常数来推导Euler方程的解的必要估计,以便可以在中间将两个相距很远的3D一峰解成功匹配。如果从匹配条件中指定了这些常数的某些值,则可以形成3D两峰解决方案。这个想法也可以用于研究3D $ 2 ^ n $-驼峰水波的存在。证明的主要思想是找到合适的自由常数,并根据这些自由常数来推导Euler方程的解的必要估计,以便可以在中间将两个相距很远的3D一峰解成功匹配。如果从匹配条件中指定了这些常数的某些值,则可以形成3D两峰解决方案。这个想法也可以用于研究3D $ 2 ^ n $-驼峰水波的存在。
更新日期:2021-04-16
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