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Two‐Fluid Treatment of Whistling Behavior and the Warm Appleton‐Hartree Extension
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-15 , DOI: 10.1029/2020ja028953
J. De Jonghe 1 , R. Keppens 1
Affiliation  

As an application of the completely general, ideal two‐fluid analysis of waves in a warm ion‐electron plasma, where six unique wave pair labels (S, A, F, M, O, and X) were identified, we here connect to the vast body of literature on whistler waves. We show that all six mode pairs can demonstrate whistling behavior, when we allow for whistling of both descending and ascending frequency types, and when we study the more general case of oblique propagation to the background magnetic field. We show how the general theory recovers all known approximate group speed expressions for both classical whistlers and ion cyclotron whistlers, which we here extend to include ion contributions and deviations from parallel propagation. At oblique angles and at perpendicular propagation, whistlers are investigated using exact numerical evaluations of the two‐fluid dispersion relation and their group speeds under Earth's magnetosphere conditions. This approach allows for a complete overview of all whistling behavior and we quantify the typical frequency ranges where they must be observable. We use the generality of the theory to show that pair plasmas in pulsar magnetospheres also feature whistling behavior, although not of the classical type at parallel propagation. Whistling of the high‐frequency modes is discussed as well, and we give the extension of the Appleton‐Hartree relation for cold plasmas, to include the effect of a nonzero thermal electron velocity. We use it to quantify the Faraday rotation effect at all angles, and compare its predictions between the cold and warm Appleton‐Hartree equation.

中文翻译:

吹口哨行为和温暖的Appleton-Hartree延伸的两流体处理

作为对温暖的离子电子等离子体中的波进行完全通用,理想的双流体分析的一种应用,其中识别了六个独特的波对标记(S,A,F,M,O和X),我们在这里连接到关于啸叫波的大量文献。我们表明,当我们允许同时降低频率类型和升高频率的类型以及研究更倾斜的向背景磁场传播的情况时,所有六个模式对都可以表现出吹口哨的行为。我们展示了通用理论如何恢复经典口哨和离子回旋加速器哨声的所有已知近似群速度表达式,在这里我们将其扩展为包括离子贡献和与平行传播的偏差。在倾斜角度和垂直传播下,在地球磁层条件下,使用双流体扩散关系及其群速度的精确数值评估研究了吹口哨的人。这种方法可以全面概述所有的啸叫行为,并且我们可以量化必须观察到的典型频率范围。我们使用该理论的一般性来表明,脉冲星磁层中的成对等离子体也具有吹口哨行为,尽管在平行传播时不是经典类型。还讨论了高频模式的吹哨问题,我们给出了冷等离子体的Appleton-Hartree关系的扩展,以包括非零热电子速度的影响。我们用它来量化各个角度的法拉第旋转效应,并在冷和热的Appleton-Hartree方程之间比较其预测。
更新日期:2021-05-03
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