After ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete, geopolymer concrete (GPC) is the most advanced form of concrete. GPC has many advantages including improved strength and durability properties. High early age strength and ambient curing of GPC helps to reduce the construction time. Factors such as binder materials, alkali-activated solution, and curing methods control GPC’s strength properties. Moreover, when industrial byproducts such as fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) are added to GPC, this leads to advantages such as reduced carbon dioxide emission, ability to reuse of waste materials, thus saving valuable lands from getting converted into dump yards, cost reduction, and so on. Moreover, the energy required for the extraction of raw materials is also reduced. In this paper, GPC’s strength and durability characteristics, its mix design procedure, its effect of fibers on mechanical properties, and its structural performance are comprehensively reviewed. Moreover, the development of high-strength GPC using fly ash with sodium hydroxide as an alkaline solution under oven curing condition is highlighted. To develop GPC from different binder materials, trial and error methods are proposed. Rangan’s mix design procedure is used for fly ash-based GPC. Moreover, the inclusion of fibers, it was found, improves the ductile nature of GPC. Suggestions and scope for future GPC-related research are also included.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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环保的地聚合物混凝土：全面审查

继普通波特兰水泥（OPC）混凝土之后，地聚合物混凝土（GPC）是最先进的混凝土形式。GPC具有许多优势，包括提高的强度和耐用性。GPC的高早期强度和环境固化有助于减少施工时间。粘合剂材料，碱活化溶液和固化方法等因素控制着GPC的强度性能。此外，当将工业粉尘和粉煤灰高炉渣（GGBS）等工业副产品添加到GPC时，会带来诸如减少二氧化碳排放，废物再利用的能力等优点，从而节省了宝贵的土地转化为土地的成本。垃圾场，降低成本等。此外，提取原料所需的能量也减少了。本文介绍了GPC的强度和耐用性特征，对其混合设计程序，纤维对机械性能的影响以及其结构性能进行了全面的综述。此外，突出了在烘箱固化条件下使用粉煤灰和氢氧化钠作为碱性溶液开发高强度GPC的方法。为了从不同的粘合剂材料开发GPC，提出了反复试验的方法。Rangan的混合设计过程用于基于粉煤灰的GPC。而且，发现包含纤维改善了GPC的延展性。还包括与GPC相关的未来研究的建议和范围。重点介绍了在烤箱固化条件下使用粉煤灰和氢氧化钠作为碱性溶液开发高强度GPC的方法。为了从不同的粘合剂材料开发GPC，提出了反复试验的方法。Rangan的混合设计过程用于基于粉煤灰的GPC。而且，发现包含纤维改善了GPC的延展性。还包括与GPC相关的未来研究的建议和范围。重点介绍了在烤箱固化条件下使用粉煤灰和氢氧化钠作为碱性溶液开发高强度GPC的方法。为了从不同的粘合剂材料开发GPC，提出了反复试验的方法。Rangan的混合设计过程用于基于粉煤灰的GPC。而且，发现包含纤维改善了GPC的延展性。还包括与GPC相关的未来研究的建议和范围。

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