Although many studies have explored the relationship between neuroticism and risk-taking, only a few have assessed the manner in which neuroticism shapes risk propensity under competition. This study attempted to specify two kinds of competition according to former performance and sought to investigate the interaction effect of neuroticism and competition on risk propensity. Participants (N = 134) were defined as high-level neurotic individuals (HN) or low-level neurotic individuals (LN) based on their scores on the neuroticism subscale of the revised Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Personality Inventory. In a lab experiment, participants completed a 2-round Balloon Analogue Risk Task wherein they competed against an opponent in the second round, whose performance was superior or inferior to them in the first round. The results showed that HN exhibited risk-taking when facing superior competitor, while they were more risk-averse when faced with inferior competitor. LN demonstrated risk aversion when competing with inferior competitor, and their risk propensity remained unaffected with superior ones. These findings provide evidence that the circumstantial factor of competition can alter how the personal trait of neuroticism influences individuals' risk-taking behaviors.

尽管许多研究探索了神经质和冒险精神之间的关系，但只有少数人评估了神经质在竞争中影响风险倾向的方式。这项研究试图根据以前的表现来指定两种竞争，并试图研究神经质和竞争对风险倾向的相互作用。参加人数 （= 134）被定义为高级神经质个体（HN）或低级神经质个体（LN），基于他们在修订的Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness人格量表的神经质子量表上的得分。在实验室实验中，参与者完成了两轮气球模拟风险任务，在第二轮中他们与对手竞争，后者的表现在第一轮中优于或劣于对手。结果表明，HN在面对上级竞争者时表现出冒险精神，而在面对下级竞争者时表现出更高的风险规避性。LN在与劣等竞争对手竞争时表现出规避风险的能力，而其劣势也不会受到优劣者的影响。