Background

This study determined the effect of video-verified collision characteristics on head impact magnitudes in male youth tackle football.

Methods

Participants (n = 23, age = 10.9 ± 0.3 years, height = 150.0 ± 8.3 cm, mass = 41.6 ± 8.4 kg) wore Triax Sim-G sensors throughout the fall 2019 season. Ten filmed games were used to identify nine different collision characteristics: mechanism, preparedness, head direction, struck versus striking activity, stance, play type, closing distance, penalty, and quarter. Random-effects general linear models and Cohen d effect sizes were used to examine differences in log-transformed peak linear (PLA; g) and rotational (PRA; rad/s²) accelerations across characteristics. The 10 games produced 533 total video-verified impacts and 23.2 ± 7.2 impacts per athlete.

Results

PLA (P range: 0.107 to 0.923) and PRA (P range: 0.057 to 0.768) did not differ across characteristics. Struck players (3370 rads/s^2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2986 to 3808) had a small effect for higher PRA compared with striking players (3037 rads/s^2, 95% CI = 2713 to 3404, d = 0.251), but negligible effect for simultaneous struck-striking players (3340 rad/s^2, 95% CI = 2945 to 3792, d = 0.018). Fourth quarter impacts (3490 rads/s^2, 95% CI = 3083 to 3951) had a small effect for higher PRA compared with first (2945 rads/s^2, 95% CI = 2596 to 3337, d = 0.404), second (3196 rads/s^2, 95% CI = 2832 to 3604, d = 0.219), and third quarters (3241 rads/s^2, 95% CI = 2841 to 3699, d = 0.144).

Conclusion

Youth tackle football characteristics did not significantly affect head impact magnitudes during games. More research is needed to explore additional factors that could be modified for sport safety rather than mitigating impact mechanism.

中文翻译：

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青少年铲球的场上特点和头部撞击强度

背景

这项研究确定了视频验证的碰撞特征对男性青少年铲球头部撞击幅度的影响。

方法

参与者（n = 23，年龄 = 10.9 ± 0.3 岁，身高 = 150.0 ± 8.3 cm，质量 = 41.6 ± 8.4 kg）在 2019 年秋季期间佩戴 Triax Sim-G 传感器。十场拍摄的比赛被用来识别九种不同的碰撞特征：机制、准备、头部方向、打击与打击活动、姿势、比赛类型、接近距离、罚球和四分之一。随机效应一般线性模型和 Cohen d效应大小用于检查对数变换峰值线性 (PLA; g) 和旋转 (PRA; rad/s ² ) 加速度在特性上的差异。这 10 场比赛产生了 533 次视频验证的总冲击，每位运动员产生 23.2 ± 7.2 次冲击。

结果

PLA（P范围：0.107 至 0.923）和 PRA（P范围：0.057 至 0.768）在特征之间没有差异。^{与打击球员（3037 rads/s 2,} 95% CI = 2713 至 3404, d  = 0.251 ）相比，打击球员（3370 rads/s ^2, 95% 置信区间 [CI] = 2986 至 3808）对更高 PRA 的影响较小)，但对同时出击的球员的影响可以忽略不计（3340 rad/s ^2, 95% CI = 2945 to 3792, d  = 0.018）。与第一季度相比，第四季度的影响（3490 rads/s ^2, 95% CI = 3083 到 3951）对更高 PRA 的影响很小（2945 rads/s ^2, 95% CI = 2596 到 3337, d = 0.404），第二（3196 rads/s 2，95 ^% CI = 2832 至 3604，d  = 0.219）和第三季度（3241 rads/s 2，95 ^% CI = 2841 至 3699，d  = 0.144）。

结论

青少年铲球足球的特点并没有显着影响比赛期间头部撞击的幅度。需要更多的研究来探索可以为运动安全而不是减轻影响机制而修改的其他因素。