Background

The association between exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and increased headache in adults has been well characterized. Childhood adversity and its effect on headache in children have not been as robustly investigated. This study examines the relationship of self-reported ACEs to frequent headache in an adolescent cohort.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cohort study using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health Wave I (n = 20,745) to examine self-reported ACE exposures and their relationship to frequent headache.

Results

The study population was composed of 20,745 participants; 50.6% male and 49.4% female. The mean age of respondents was 15.9 years (range 12 to 21 years, standard error: 0.12 years). Frequent headache was reported in 29.3% of respondents, and 45% of respondents reported one or more ACE exposures. For each increase in cumulative ACE score, odds of frequent headache increased by 1.22 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15 to 1.30). The ACEs that individually showed an association with frequent headache after adjusting for demographic factors were lack of maternal warmth (odds ratio [OR] 1.40, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.74, P = 0.002), lack of paternal warmth (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.81, P < 0.001), paternal alcoholism (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.40, P = 0.007), suicide attempt of family member (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.87, P < 0.001), and living in an unsafe neighborhood (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.39, P = 0.004).

Conclusions

Several ACE exposures were associated with frequent headache in adolescents. An increase in cumulative ACE exposure increased the odds of having frequent headache.

中文翻译：

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青少年自我报告的不良童年经历和经常头痛

背景

接触不良童年经历 (ACE) 与成人头痛增加之间的关联已得到充分表征。童年逆境及其对儿童头痛的影响尚未得到强有力的研究。本研究调查了青少年队列中自我报告的 ACE 与频繁头痛的关系。

方法

我们使用全国青少年到成人健康纵向研究第一波（n = 20,745）的数据进行了一项回顾性队列研究，以检查自我报告的 ACE 暴露及其与频繁头痛的关系。

结果

研究人群由 20,745 名参与者组成；男性占 50.6%，女性占 49.4%。受访者的平均年龄为 15.9 岁（范围为 12 至 21 岁，标准误差：0.12 岁）。29.3% 的受访者报告经常头痛，45% 的受访者报告接触过一次或多次 ACE。对于累积 ACE 评分的每增加，频繁头痛的几率增加 1.22（95% 置信区间 [CI] 1.15 至 1.30）。调整人口因素后单独显示与频繁头痛相关的 ACE 是缺乏母亲温暖（比值比 [OR] 1.40，95% CI 1.12 至 1.74，P = 0.002），缺乏父亲温暖（OR 1.47，95  % CI 1.20 至 1.81，P  < 0.001），父亲酗酒（OR 1.21，95% CI 1.05 至 1.40，P = 0.007）、家庭成员自杀未遂（OR 1.51，95% CI 1.22 至 1.87，P  < 0.001）和居住在不安全的社区（OR 1.22，95% CI 1.06 至 1.39，P  = 0.004）。

结论

几种 ACE 暴露与青少年频繁头痛有关。累积 ACE 暴露的增加增加了频繁头痛的几率。