The use of fast-growing wood can reduce the environmental impact of the wood industry, but the low strength and flammability of these woods prevent their widespread application. Chinese fir not only has the general defect of fast-growing wood, but also has weak permeability due to aspirated pits. To improve its performance, environment-friendly modifier sodium silicate (SS) and WEP (waterborne epoxide resin) as the dipping solution, microwave pretreatment and multi-step emptying-pressure (MSEP) impregnation method were employed to prepare hybrid-modified wood. Microwave pretreatment was found to destroy pit membranes of Chinese fir and increase permeability. WEP addition reduced the wood’s -OH content and promoted formation of more Si–O–Si structures, while also forming a fusiform hybrid structure with SS through Si–O–C bonds. The mechanical properties and water resistance of SS/WEPW (hybrid-modified wood) were higher than those modified by SS alone. The bending strength, elastic modulus, compressive strength, and transverse, tangential, and radial hardness of SS/WEPW5% (5% WEP) reached 97.20, 8504.87, 57.73, 5113.50, 2536.37, and 2192.35 MPa, respectively. The water resistance performance was also significantly improved. Compared with SSW, the 7-day weight leaching ratio (WLR) and water absorption rate (WAR) were reduced by 49.26 and 11.09, respectively, and the 14-day anti-shrink efficiency (ASE) of SS/WEPW5% can reach 86.87%. Furthermore, the flame retardant and smoke suppression performances of hybrid-modified wood were also improved, with the heat release rate (HRR), smoke produce rate (SPR), mean carbon monoxide yield (mean COY), and mean carbon dioxide yield (mean CO₂Y) of SS/WEPW5% significantly lower and the peak of CO and CO₂ release almost 1/10th that of unmodified wood. SS/WEP hybrid-modified wood was improved in terms of mechanical properties, water resistance performance, and flame retardancy, which laid the foundation of its use as a high-performance wooden material.

快速生长的木材的使用可以减少木材工业对环境的影响，但是这些木材的低强度和易燃性阻碍了它们的广泛应用。杉木不仅具有快速生长的木材的一般缺陷，而且由于吸入的凹坑而具有较弱的渗透性。为了改善其性能，采用环保型改性剂硅酸钠（SS）和WEP（水性环氧树脂）作为浸渍溶液，采用微波预处理和多步空压（MSEP）浸渍法来制备杂化改性木材。发现微波预处理破坏了杉木的凹膜并增加了渗透性。WEP的添加降低了木材的-OH含量并促进了更多Si–O–Si结构的形成，同时还通过Si–OC–C键与SS形成了梭形混合结构。SS / WEPW（混合改性木材）的机械性能和耐水性高于单独使用SS改性的木材。SS / WEPW5％（5％WEP）的抗弯强度，弹性模量，抗压强度以及横向，切向和径向硬度分别达到97.20、8504.87、57.73、5113.50、2536.37和2192.35 MPa。耐水性也显着提高。与SSW相比，7天的重量浸出率（WLR）和吸水率（WAR）分别降低了49.26和11.09，SS / WEPW5％的14天抗缩水效率（ASE）可以达到86.87 ％。此外，杂化改性木材的阻燃和抑烟性能也得到了改善，其放热率（HRR），发烟率（SPR），平均一氧化碳产量（COY平均值），SS / WEPW5％的₂ Y）显着降低，CO和CO ₂的峰值释放量几乎是未改性木材的1/10。SS / WEP杂化改性木材在机械性能，耐水性和阻燃性方面得到了改善，奠定了其用作高性能木质材料的基础。