Talkers imitate the speech of others through phonetic convergence. The current study examined the influence of dialect-specific features and dialect familiarity on the extent and perceptibility of phonetic convergence. Talkers with Mid-Atlantic and General American dialects repeated words after model talkers with Mid-Atlantic and General American dialects in a shadowing task. Half of the target words contained phonetic variables differing between the two dialects, including /ɔ/, /æɹ/, and word-initial /stɹ/, and half contained no distinguishing dialect features. In an AXB task, listeners from the Mid-Atlantic region with greater exposure to the Mid-Atlantic dialect and listeners from the Midwestern United States with less exposure to the Mid-Atlantic dialect assessed the perceptual similarity of the two shadowing productions to the original productions of the model talkers. Together, acoustic analyses of the shadowing productions and the results of the AXB task revealed that dialect-specific features facilitated phonetic convergence. This facilitation was stronger for Mid-Atlantic shadowers and model talkers, suggesting that dialect familiarity increases the magnitude of convergence in speech production. However, no differences were observed between listener groups, indicating that greater experience with a dialect may not affect the perception of phonetic convergence.

中文翻译：

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方言特有特征和熟悉程度对跨方言语音趋同的影响

说话者通过语音趋同来模仿他人的言语。当前的研究考察了方言特定特征和方言熟悉程度对语音趋同程度和可感知性的影响。在跟随任务中，使用中大西洋和一般美国方言的说话者在使用中大西洋和一般美国方言的模范说话者之后重复单词。一半的目标词包含两种方言之间不同的语音变量，包括 /ɔ/、/æɹ/ 和词首 /stɹ/，一半不包含任何明显的方言特征。在一项 AXB 任务中，来自中大西洋地区接触中大西洋方言较多的听众和来自美国中西部接触中大西洋方言较少的听众评估了两个影子作品与原始作品的感知相似性模范谈话者。对阴影产生的声学分析和 AXB 任务的结果表明，方言特定的特征促进了语音融合。对于大西洋中部的影子者和模范说话者来说，这种促进作用更强，这表明方言熟悉程度增加了语音产生的收敛程度。然而，听者群体之间没有观察到差异，这表明对方言的更多体验可能不会影响语音趋同的感知。